实例简介PHP的一些高级面相对象编程的特性_PHP

WBOY
Release: 2016-05-29 11:47:39
Original
995 people have browsed it

一般来说,学习PHP需要了解下面的一些特性:

对象克隆。PHP5中对OOP模型的主要改进之一,是将所有对象都看作引用,而不是值。但是,如果所有对象都视为引用,那么如何创建对象的副本呢?答案是通过克隆对象。

<&#63;php
class Corporate_Drone{
 private $employeeid;
 private $tiecolor;
 function setEmployeeID($employeeid) {
 $this->employeeid = $employeeid;
 }

 function getEmployeeID() {
 return $this->employeeid;
 }
 
 function setTiecolor($tiecolor) {
 $this->tiecolor = $tiecolor;
 }
 
 function getTiecolor() {
 return $this->tiecolor;
 }
}

$drone1 = new Corporate_Drone();
$drone1->setEmployeeID("12345");
$drone1->setTiecolor("red");
$drone2 = clone $drone1;
$drone2->setEmployeeID("67890");

printf("drone1 employeeID:%d <br />",$drone1->getEmployeeID());
printf("drone1 tie color:%s <br />",$drone1->getTiecolor());
printf("drone2 employeeID:%d <br />",$drone2->getEmployeeID());
printf("drone2 tie color:%s <br />",$drone2->getTiecolor());
&#63;>

Copy after login

继承。如前面所述,通过继承来构建类层次体系是OOP的关键概念。

class Employee {
 ...
}

class Executive extends Employee{
 ...
}

class CEO extends Executive{
 ...
}

Copy after login

接口。接口是一些未实现的方法定义和常量的集合,相当于一种类蓝本。接口只定义了类能做什么,而不涉及实现的细节。本章介绍PHP5对接口的支持,并提供了一些展示这个强大OOP特性的例子。

<&#63;php
interface IPillage
{
 // CONST 1;
 function emptyBankAccount();
 function burnDocuments();
}

class Employee {

}

class Excutive extends Employee implements IPillage {
 private $totalStockOptions;
 function emptyBankAccount() {
 echo "Call CFO and ask to transfer funds to Swiss bank account";
 }
 function burnDocuments() {
 echo "Torch the office suite.";
 }
}

class test {
 function testIP(IPillage $ib) {
 echo $ib->emptyBankAccount();
 }
}
$excutive = new Excutive();
$test = new test();
echo $test->testIP($excutive);
&#63;>

Copy after login

抽象类。抽象类实质上就是无法实例化的类。抽象类将由可实例化的类继承,后者称为具体类(concreate class)。抽象类可以完全实现、部分实现或者根本未实现。

abstract class Class_name
{
 //insert attribute definitions here
 //insert method definitions here
}
Copy after login

命名空间。命名空间可根据上下文划分各种库和类,帮肋你更为有效地管理代码库。

<&#63;php
namespace Library;
class Clean {
 function printClean() {
 echo "Clean...";
 }
}
&#63;>

<&#63;php
include "test.php";
$clean = new \Library\Clean();
$clean->printClean();
&#63;>

Copy after login

如果你使用过其他面向对象语言,可能会感到奇怪,为什么上述特性没有包括其他语言中熟悉的一些OOP特性?原因很简单,PHP不支持这些特性。为了让你不再感到迷惑,下面列出PHP不支持的高级OOP特性。

  • 方法重载。PHP不支持通过函数重载实现多态,根据Zend网站的讨论,可能永远都不会支持。要了解具体原因,可以查看http://www.zend.com/php/ask_experts.php
  • 操作符重载。目前不支持根据所修改数据的类型为操作符赋予新的含义。根据zend网站的讨论,将来实现这个特性的可能性也不大。
  • 多重继承。PHP不支持多重继承。但是支持实现多个接口。
Related labels:
source:php.cn
Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn
Popular Tutorials
More>
Latest Downloads
More>
Web Effects
Website Source Code
Website Materials
Front End Template
About us Disclaimer Sitemap
php.cn:Public welfare online PHP training,Help PHP learners grow quickly!