如何解决PHP无法实现多线程的问题_PHP
有没有办法在PHP中实现多线程呢?假设你正在写一个基于多台服务器的PHP应用,理想的情况时同时向多台服务器发送请求,而不是一台接一台。可以实现吗?当有人想要实现并发功能时,他们通常会想到用fork或者spawn threads,但是当他们发现PHP不支持多线程的时候,大概会转换思路去用一些不够好的语言,比如Perl。
假设你要建立一个服务来检查正在运行的n台服务器,以确定他们还在正常运转。你可能会写下面这样的代码:
$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com"); $timeout = 15; $status = array(); foreach ($hosts as $host) { $errno = 0; $errstr = ""; $s = fsockopen($host, 80, $errno, $errstr, $timeout); if ($s) { $status[$host] = "Connectedn"; fwrite($s, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: $hostrnrn"); do { $data = fread($s, 8192); if (strlen($data) == 0) { break; } $status[$host] .= $data; } while (true); fclose($s); } else { $status[$host] = "Connection failed: $errno $errstrn"; } } print_r($status); ?>
它运行的很好,但是在fsockopen()分析完hostname并且建立一个成功的连接(或者延时$timeout秒)之前,扩充这段代码来管理大量服务器将耗费很长时间。
因此我们必须放弃这段代码;我们可以建立异步连接-不需要等待fsockopen返回连接状态。PHP仍然需要解析hostname(所以直接使用ip更加明智),不过将在打开一个连接之后立刻返回,继而我们就可以连接下一台服务器。
有两种方法可以实现;PHP5中可以使用新增的stream_socket_client()函数直接替换掉fsocketopen()。PHP5之前的版本,你需要自己动手,用sockets扩展解决问题。下面是PHP5中的解决方法:
$hosts = array("host1.sample.com", "host2.sample.com", "host3.sample.com"); $timeout = 15; $status = array(); $sockets = array(); /* Initiate connections to all the hosts simultaneously */ foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) { $s = stream_socket_client("$host:80", $errno, $errstr, $timeout, STREAM_CLIENT_ASYNC_CONNECT|STREAM_CLIENT_CONNECT); if ($s) { $sockets[$id] = $s; $status[$id] = "in progress"; } else { $status[$id] = "failed, $errno $errstr"; } } /* Now, wait for the results to come back in */ while (count($sockets)) { $read = $write = $sockets; /* This is the magic function - explained below */ $n = stream_select($read, $write, $e = null, $timeout); if ($n > 0) { /* readable sockets either have data for us, or are failed * connection attempts */ foreach ($read as $r) { $id = array_search($r, $sockets); $data = fread($r, 8192); if (strlen($data) == 0) { if ($status[$id] == "in progress") { $status[$id] = "failed to connect"; } fclose($r); unset($sockets[$id]); } else { $status[$id] .= $data; } } /* writeable sockets can accept an HTTP request */ foreach ($write as $w) { $id = array_search($w, $sockets); fwrite($w, "HEAD / HTTP/1.0rnHost: " . $hosts[$id] . "rnrn"); $status[$id] = "waiting for response"; } } else { /* timed out waiting; assume that all hosts associated * with $sockets are faulty */ foreach ($sockets as $id => $s) { $status[$id] = "timed out " . $status[$id]; } break; } } foreach ($hosts as $id => $host) { echo "Host: $hostn"; echo "Status: " . $status[$id] . "nn"; } ?>
我们用stream_select()等待sockets打开的连接事件。stream_select()调用系统的select(2)函数来工 作:前面三个参数是你要使用的streams的数组;你可以对其读取,写入和获取异常(分别针对三个参数)。stream_select()可以通过设 置$timeout(秒)参数来等待事件发生-事件发生时,相应的sockets数据将写入你传入的参数。
下面是PHP4.1.0之后版本的实现,如果你已经在编译PHP时包含了sockets(ext/sockets)支持,你可以使用根上面类似的代 码,只是需要将上面的streams/filesystem函数的功能用ext/sockets函数实现。主要的不同在于我们用下面的函数代替 stream_socket_client()来建立连接:
// This value is correct for Linux, other systems have other values define('EINPROGRESS', 115); function non_blocking_connect($host, $port, &$errno, &$errstr, $timeout) { $ip = gethostbyname($host); $s = socket_create(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0); if (socket_set_nonblock($s)) { $r = @socket_connect($s, $ip, $port); if ($r || socket_last_error() == EINPROGRESS) { $errno = EINPROGRESS; return $s; } } $errno = socket_last_error($s); $errstr = socket_strerror($errno); socket_close($s); return false; } ?>
现在用socket_select()替换掉stream_select(),用socket_read()替换掉fread(),用socket_write()替换掉fwrite(),用socket_close()替换掉fclose()就可以执行脚本了!
PHP5的先进之处在于,你可以用stream_select()处理几乎所有的stream。例如你可以通过include STDIN用它接收键盘输入并保存进数组,你还可以接收通过proc_open()打开的管道中的数据。
希望通过这篇文章,大家可以巧妙解决PHP无法实现多线程的问题。

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics



Laravel simplifies handling temporary session data using its intuitive flash methods. This is perfect for displaying brief messages, alerts, or notifications within your application. Data persists only for the subsequent request by default: $request-

The PHP Client URL (cURL) extension is a powerful tool for developers, enabling seamless interaction with remote servers and REST APIs. By leveraging libcurl, a well-respected multi-protocol file transfer library, PHP cURL facilitates efficient execution of various network protocols, including HTTP, HTTPS, and FTP. This extension offers granular control over HTTP requests, supports multiple concurrent operations, and provides built-in security features.

Laravel provides concise HTTP response simulation syntax, simplifying HTTP interaction testing. This approach significantly reduces code redundancy while making your test simulation more intuitive. The basic implementation provides a variety of response type shortcuts: use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Http; Http::fake([ 'google.com' => 'Hello World', 'github.com' => ['foo' => 'bar'], 'forge.laravel.com' =>

Alipay PHP...

Do you want to provide real-time, instant solutions to your customers' most pressing problems? Live chat lets you have real-time conversations with customers and resolve their problems instantly. It allows you to provide faster service to your custom

Article discusses late static binding (LSB) in PHP, introduced in PHP 5.3, allowing runtime resolution of static method calls for more flexible inheritance.Main issue: LSB vs. traditional polymorphism; LSB's practical applications and potential perfo

The article discusses adding custom functionality to frameworks, focusing on understanding architecture, identifying extension points, and best practices for integration and debugging.

Article discusses essential security features in frameworks to protect against vulnerabilities, including input validation, authentication, and regular updates.
