Example to explain how to implement the login function on the web front-end-Front-end Q&A-php.cn

Example to explain how to implement the login function on the web front-end

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Release： 2023-04-17 14:23:04

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With the continuous development of Internet technology, more and more websites and applications require users to log in before they can be used. In this case, implementing the login function on the Web front-end has become a very important task. This article will introduce how to use the web front end to implement the login function.

1. The principle of user login
Usually, the principle of realizing the login function on the Web front-end includes the following steps:

The user enters the user name and password on the login page. Click the login button;
The front-end code packages the username and password into a data packet and sends it to the back-end using Ajax technology;
The back-end performs identity verification after receiving the data package. If the verification passes If successful login information is returned, failure information will be returned;
The front end will perform corresponding prompts or page jumps based on the information returned by the back end.

2. Front-end code to implement the login function
The first is the layout and style design of the login page, which can generally be implemented using technologies such as HTML, CSS and JavaScript. The following is an example of a simple login page:

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
  <meta charset="UTF-8">
  <title>用户登录</title>
  <style type="text/css">
  body {
    background-color: #f4f4f4;
  }
  .container {
    margin: 50px auto;
    width: 500px;
    height: 300px;
    padding-top: 50px;
    text-align: center;
    background-color: #fff;
    box-shadow: 0px 0px 10px #aaa;
  }
  input[type=text], input[type=password] {
    width: 300px;
    height: 30px;
    border: 1px solid #ccc;
    border-radius: 5px;
    padding-left: 10px;
    margin-bottom: 10px;
    font-size: 16px;
  }
  input[type=submit] {
    width: 100px;
    height: 30px;
    border-radius: 5px;
    background-color: #3385ff;
    color: #fff;
    font-size: 16px;
    cursor: pointer;
  }
  </style>
</head>
<body>
  <div class="container">
    <h1>用户登录</h1>
    <form id="loginForm" action="" method="post">
      <input type="text" name="username" placeholder="请输入用户名" required>
      <br>
      <input type="password" name="password" placeholder="请输入密码" required>
      <br>
      <input type="submit" value="登录">
    </form>
  </div>
</body>
</html>

Copy after login

The above code implements a simple login page, including a username input box, password input box and login button. Next, you need to write JavaScript code to send a data packet to the backend when the user clicks the login button. The following is a sample code snippet:

// 获取表单元素
var loginForm = document.getElementById('loginForm');
var usernameInput = loginForm.querySelector('input[name=username]');
var passwordInput = loginForm.querySelector('input[name=password]');

// 监听表单提交事件
loginForm.addEventListener('submit', function (event) {
  event.preventDefault();  // 阻止表单的默认提交行为

  // 构造请求数据
  var formData = new FormData();
  formData.append('username', usernameInput.value);
  formData.append('password', passwordInput.value);

  // 发送Ajax请求
  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
  xhr.open('POST', '/login');
  xhr.send(formData);

  xhr.onreadystatechange = function () {
    if (xhr.readyState === 4) {  // 请求已完成
      if (xhr.status === 200) {  // 获取数据成功
        var result = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText);
        if (result.status === 'success') {
          alert('登录成功！');
        } else {
          alert('用户名或密码错误！');
        }
      } else {  // 请求失败
        alert('服务器繁忙，请稍后再试！');
      }
    }
  };
});

Copy after login

The above code uses JavaScript to add a listener to the form submission event. When the user clicks the login button, a data packet is constructed and sent to the backend through Ajax. After receiving the response from the server, perform corresponding prompts and operations based on the response data.

3. Back-end code to implement the login function
The code for the Web front-end to implement the login function has been introduced before. Next, you need to write the back-end code to process the data packets sent by the front-end and verify the identity. Since the implementation of the back-end code is related to the specific back-end technology, it will not be introduced in detail here.

When the backend completes user authentication, it needs to return a data packet in JSON format. The format is as follows:

{
  "status": "success",   // 登录成功，返回 "success"；登录失败，返回 "fail"
  "message": "登录成功！"  // 登录成功的提示信息
}

Copy after login

4. Summary
It is very important for the Web front-end to implement the login function Work. The front-end code needs to verify and package the data entered by the user and send it to the back-end through Ajax technology. The backend code requires authentication and returns success or failure information. When implementing the login function, you also need to pay attention to user experience and data security.

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