Table of Contents
算数运算符
例子
关系运算符
逻辑运算符
赋值运算符
Java运算符优先级
Home Java javaTutorial What are the arithmetic operators in Java and how to use them

What are the arithmetic operators in Java and how to use them

Apr 19, 2023 am 10:58 AM
java

    算数运算符

    算术运算符用在数学表达式中,它们的作用和在数学中的作用一样。下表列出了所有的算术运算符。

    表格中的实例假设整数变量A的值为10,变量B的值为20:

    操作符 描述
    + 加法 - 相加运算符两侧的值
    - 减法 - 左操作数减去右操作数
    * 乘法 - 相乘操作符两侧的值
    / 除法 - 左操作数除以右操作数
    % 取余 - 左操作数除以右操作数的余数
    ++ 自增: 操作数的值增加1
    - - 自减: 操作数的值减少1

    例子

    public static void main(String[] args) {
         int a = 10;
         int b = 20;
         int c = 25;
         int d = 25;
         System.out.println("a + b = " + (a + b) );
         System.out.println("a - b = " + (a - b) );
         System.out.println("a * b = " + (a * b) );
         System.out.println("b / a = " + (b / a) );
         System.out.println("b % a = " + (b % a) );
         System.out.println("c % a = " + (c % a) );
         System.out.println("a++   = " +  (a++) );
         System.out.println("a--   = " +  (a--) );
         // 查看  d++ 与 ++d 的不同
         System.out.println("d++   = " +  (d++) );
         System.out.println("++d   = " +  (++d) );
      }
      运行结果
      "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=51196:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\JavaProject\20210402\out\production\20210402" Test
    a + b = 30
    a - b = -10
    a * b = 200
    b / a = 2
    b % a = 0
    c % a = 5
    a++   = 10
    a--   = 11
    d++   = 25
    ++d   = 27
    Process finished with exit code 0
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    关系运算符

    运算符 描述
    == 检查如果两个操作数的值是否相等,如果相等则条件为真。
    != 检查如果两个操作数的值是否相等,如果值不相等则条件为真。
    > 检查左操作数的值是否大于右操作数的值,如果是那么条件为真。
    <检查左操作数的值是否小于右操作数的值,如果是那么条件为真
    >= 检查左操作数的值是否大于或等于右操作数的值,如果是那么条件为真。
    <=检查左操作数的值是否小于或等于右操作数的值,如果是那么条件为真。

    例子

    public static void main(String[] args) {
         int a = 10;
         int b = 20;
         System.out.println("a == b = " + (a == b) );
         System.out.println("a != b = " + (a != b) );
         System.out.println("a > b = " + (a > b) );
         System.out.println("a < b = " + (a < b) );
         System.out.println("b >= a = " + (b >= a) );
         System.out.println("b <= a = " + (b <= a) );
      }
      运行结果
    "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\bin\java.exe" "-javaagent:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\lib\idea_rt.jar=51452:C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2020.1.3\bin" -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8 -classpath "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\charsets.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\deploy.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\access-bridge-64.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\cldrdata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\dnsns.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jaccess.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\jfxrt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\localedata.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\nashorn.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunec.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunjce_provider.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunmscapi.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\sunpkcs11.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\ext\zipfs.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\javaws.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jce.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfr.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jfxswt.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\jsse.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\management-agent.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\plugin.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\resources.jar;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk1.8.0_192\jre\lib\rt.jar;D:\JavaProject\20210402\out\production\20210402" Test
    a == b = false
    a != b = true
    a > b = false
    a < b = true
    b >= a = true
    b <= a = false
    Process finished with exit code 0
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    逻辑运算符

    操作符描述
    &&称为逻辑与运算符。当且仅当两个操作数都为真,条件才为真。
    ll称为逻辑或操作符。如果任何两个操作数任何一个为真,条件为真。
    称为逻辑非运算符。用来反转操作数的逻辑状态。如果条件为true,则逻辑非运算符将得到false

    例子

     public static void main(String[] args) {
         boolean a = true;
         boolean b = false;
         System.out.println("a && b = " + (a&&b));
         System.out.println("a || b = " + (a||b) );
         System.out.println("!(a && b) = " + !(a && b));
      }
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    What are the arithmetic operators in Java and how to use them

    赋值运算符

    赋值运算符描述例子
    =简单的赋值运算符,将右操作数的值赋给左侧操作数C = A + B将把A + B得到的值赋给C
    + =加和赋值操作符,它把左操作数和右操作数相加赋值给左操作数C + = A等价于C = C + A
    - =减和赋值操作符,它把左操作数和右操作数相减赋值给左操作数C - = A等价于C = C - A
    * =乘和赋值操作符,它把左操作数和右操作数相乘赋值给左操作数C * = A等价于C = C * A
    / =除和赋值操作符,它把左操作数和右操作数相除赋值给左操作数C / = A,C 与 A 同类型时等价于 C = C / A
    (%)=取模和赋值操作符,它把左操作数和右操作数取模后赋值给左操作数C%= A等价于C = C%A
    << =左移位赋值运算符C << = 2等价于C = C << 2
    >> = 右移位赋值运算符 C >> = 2等价于C = C >> 2
    &= 按位与赋值运算符 C&= 2等价于C = C&2
    ^ = 按位异或赋值操作符 C ^ = 2等价于C = C ^ 2
    l= 按位或赋值操作符 C l = 2等价于C = C
      public static void main(String[] args) {
            int a = 10;
            int b = 20;
            int c = 0;
            c = a + b;
            System.out.println("c = a + b = " + c );
            c += a ;
            System.out.println("c += a  = " + c );
            c -= a ;
            System.out.println("c -= a = " + c );
            c *= a ;
            System.out.println("c *= a = " + c );
            a = 10;
            c = 15;
            c /= a ;
            System.out.println("c /= a = " + c );
            a = 10;
            c = 15;
            c %= a ;
            System.out.println("c %= a  = " + c );
            c <<= 2 ;
            System.out.println("c <<= 2 = " + c );
            c >>= 2 ;
            System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c );
            c >>= 2 ;
            System.out.println("c >>= 2 = " + c );
            c &= a ;
            System.out.println("c &= a  = " + c );
            c ^= a ;
            System.out.println("c ^= a   = " + c );
            c |= a ;
            System.out.println("c |= a   = " + c );
        }
    运行结果为:
    c = a + b = 30
    c += a  = 40
    c -= a = 30
    c *= a = 300
    c /= a = 1
    c %= a  = 5
    c <<= 2 = 20
    c >>= 2 = 5
    c >>= 2 = 1
    c &= a  = 0
    c ^= a   = 10
    c |= a   = 10
    Process finished with exit code 0
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    Java运算符优先级

    类别 操作 关联性
    后缀 () [] . (点操作符) 左到右
    一元 expr++ expr– 从左到右
    一元 ++expr --expr + - ~ ! 从右到左
    乘性 * /% 左到右
    加性 + - 左到右
    移位 >> >>> <<左到右
    关系> >= < <=左到右
    相等== !=左到右
    按位与左到右
    按位异或^左到右
    按位或l左到右
    逻辑与&&左到右
    逻辑或ll左到右
    条件?:从右到左
    赋值= + = - = * = / =%= >> = << =&= ^ = l= 从右到左
    逗号 左到右

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