How to use the zipfile compression package module in Python

Introduction

The ZIP file format is a commonly used archiving and compression standard. zipfile The module provides tools to create, read, write, add and list ZIP files

This module currently cannot handle split-volume ZIP files. It supports decrypting encrypted files in ZIP archives, but it cannot currently create an encrypted file. Decryption is very slow because it is implemented using native Python instead of C

Compressed files

class zipfile.ZipFile(file, mode='r', compression=ZIP_STORED, allowZip64 =True, compresslevel=None, *, strict_timestamps=True)：ZipFile object, compression specifies the compression mode

ZipFile.write(filename, arcname=None, compress_type=None, compresslevel=None ): Write a compressed file, filename is the original file name, arcname is the archive file name, compress_type specifies the compression mode

Compression mode	Meaning
ZIP_STORED	No compression, default value
ZIP_DEFLATED	Commonly used ZIP compression
ZIP_BZIP2	BZIP2 compression
ZIP_LZMA	LZMA compression

The code is as follows:

import random

import zipfile

with open('1.txt', mode='w') as f:

    for _ in range(1000):

        f.write(str(random.random()) + '\n')

with zipfile.ZipFile('1.zip', mode='w', compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:

    zf.write('1.txt')

    zf.write('1.txt', '2.txt', zipfile.ZIP_STORED)  # 原文件名1.txt，存为2.txt，不压缩

Effect

Decompress the file

ZipFile.namelist(): Return File list sorted by name

ZipFile.extract(member, path=None, pwd=None): Extract the file to the specified directory

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile('1.zip') as zf:

    for filename in zf.namelist():

        zf.extract(filename, '.')

Whether it is a ZIP file

Call zipfile.is_zipfile(filename)

is a valid ZIP file and returns True, otherwise it returns False, not at all Existence returns False

import zipfile

for filename in ['1.txt', '1.zip', '2.zip']:

    print(filename, zipfile.is_zipfile(filename))

    # 1.txt False

    # 1.zip True

    # 2.zip False

Read metadata

ZipFile.namelist(): Returns a list of files sorted by name

ZipFile.getinfo(name): Return a ZipInfo object

import zipfile

with zipfile.ZipFile('1.zip', 'r') as zf:

    print(zf.namelist())  # 文件列表

    for info in zf.infolist():

        print(info)

        print(info.filename)  # 文件名称

        print(info.date_time)  # 修改时间，可用datetime.datetime(*info.date_time)

        print(info.compress_type)  # 压缩类型，值为zipfile.ZIP_STORED、ZIP_DEFLATED、ZIP_BZIP2、ZIP_LZMA

        print(info.comment)  # 注释

        print(info.extra)  # 扩展字段数据

        print(info.create_system)  # 创建所用系统，0为Windows，3为Unix

        print(info.create_version)  # 创建所用PKZIP版本

        print(info.extract_version)  # 提取所用PKZIP版本

        print(info.flag_bits)  # 标志位

        print(info.volume)  # 文件头的分卷号

        print(info.compress_size)  # 已压缩的数据大小

        print(info.file_size)  # 未压缩的数据大小

        print()

Compress files from other data sources

ZipFile.writestr(zinfo_or_arcname, data, compress_type= None, compresslevel=None): Write a file to the compressed file

import random

import zipfile

data = ''.join([str(random.random()) + '\n' for i in range(1000)])

with zipfile.ZipFile('1.zip', mode='w', compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:

    zf.writestr('1.txt', data)

Write to ZipInfo

class zipfile.ZipInfo(filename='NoName', date_time=( 1980, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0)): Compressed file member information class

import time

import random

import zipfile

data = ''.join([str(random.random()) + '\n' for i in range(1000)])

with zipfile.ZipFile('1.zip', mode='w', compression=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) as zf:

    info = zipfile.ZipInfo('1.txt', date_time=time.localtime(time.time()))

    info.compress_type = zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED

    info.comment = b'a comment'

    info.create_system = 0

    zf.writestr(info, data)

Effect

Append file

Change the mode of ZipFile to append mode a

import random

import zipfile

with open('2.txt', mode='w') as f:

    for _ in range(1000):

        f.write(str(random.random()) + '\n')

with zipfile.ZipFile('1.zip', mode='a') as zf:

    zf.write('2.txt')

Create a ZIP containing the Python library

class zipfile.PyZipFile(file, mode='r', compression=ZIP_STORED, allowZip64=True, optimize=-1): Used to create a ZIP class containing the Python library

zipfile_pyzipfile.py

import sys

import zipfile

with zipfile.PyZipFile('pyzipfile.zip', mode='w') as zf:

    zf.debug = 3

    zf.writepy('.')

for name in zf.namelist():

    print(name)

sys.path.insert(0, 'pyzipfile.zip')

import zipfile_pyzipfile

print('Imported from:', zipfile_pyzipfile.__file__)

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