linux listen what does it mean

linux listen means listening, and listen refers to monitoring the connection request from the client's tcp socket; the listen function is generally called after calling bind and before calling accept, and its function prototype is "int listen ( int sockfd, int backlog)".

#The operating environment of this tutorial: linux5.9.8 system, Dell G3 computer.

linux listen What does it mean?

listen function under linux

listen: listens for connection requests from the client’s tcp socket

listen function is usually After calling bind - before calling accept, its function prototype is:

#include<sys/socket.h>  
int listen  (  int sockfd,  int backlog  )

The parameter sockfd is the socket acted on by the listen function

The parameter backlog is the length of the listening queue. While the process is processing a connection request, there may be other connection requests. Because TCP connection is a process, there may be a semi-connected state. Sometimes due to too many users trying to connect at the same time, the server process cannot complete the connection request quickly. If this situation occurs, how does the server process want the kernel to handle it? The kernel will maintain a queue in its own process space to track these completed connections but the server process has not yet taken over the connection (the connection that has not yet called the accept function). The kernel cannot make such a queue arbitrarily large, so it must There is an upper limit on size. This backlog tells the kernel to use this value as the upper limit.

##0−1 is

##Return value	Success	Failure	Whether to set errno

# Error message:

EADDRINUSE: Another socket is also listening on the same port. EBADF: The parameter sockfd is an illegal file descriptor.

ENOTSOCK: Parameter sockfd is not a file descriptor.

EOPNOTSUPP: The socket type does not support the listen operation.


Example:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
int main()
{
int sockfd,new_fd;
struct sockaddr_in my_addr;
struct sockaddr_in their_addr;
int sin_size;
//建立TCP套接口
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
{
printf("create socket error");
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
//初始化结构体，并绑定2323端口
my_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
my_addr.sin_port = htons(2323);
my_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
bzero(&(my_addr.sin_zero),8);
//绑定套接口
if(bind(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&my_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
{
perror("bind socket error");
exit(1);
}
//创建监听套接口  监听队列长度为10
if(listen(sockfd,10)==-1)
{
perror("listen");
exit(1);
}

//等待连接
while(1)
{
sin_size = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);

printf("server is run./n");
//如果建立连接，将产生一个全新的套接字
if((new_fd = accept(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,&sin_size))==-1)
{
perror("accept");
exit(1);
}
printf("accept success./n");
//生成一个子进程来完成和客户端的会话，父进程继续监听
if(!fork())
{
printf("create new thred success./n");
//读取客户端发来的信息
int numbytes;
char buff[256];
memset(buff,0,256);
if((numbytes = recv(new_fd,buff,sizeof(buff),0))==-1)
{
perror("recv");
exit(1);
}
printf("%s",buff);
//将从客户端接收到的信息再发回客户端
if(send(new_fd,buff,strlen(buff),0)==-1)
perror("send");
close(new_fd);
exit(0);
}
close(new_fd);
}
close(sockfd);
}

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/types.h>

#include <sys/socket.h>

int main(int argc,char *argv[])
{

int sockfd,numbytes;
char buf[100];

struct sockaddr_in their_addr;
//int i = 0;
//将基本名字和地址转换


//he = gethostbyname(argv[1]);

//建立一个TCP套接口
if((sockfd = socket(AF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,0))==-1)
{
perror("socket");
printf("create socket error.建立一个TCP套接口失败");
exit(1);
}
//初始化结构体，连接到服务器的2323端口
their_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
their_addr.sin_port = htons(2323);
// their_addr.sin_addr = *((struct in_addr *)he->h_addr);
inet_aton( "127.0.0.1", &their_addr.sin_addr );


bzero(&(their_addr.sin_zero),8);
//和服务器建立连接
if(connect(sockfd,(struct sockaddr *)&their_addr,sizeof(struct sockaddr))==-1)
{
perror("connect");
exit(1);
}
//向服务器发送数据
if(send(sockfd,"hello!socket.",6,0)==-1)
{
perror("send");
exit(1);
}
//接受从服务器返回的信息
if((numbytes = recv(sockfd,buf,100,0))==-1)
{
perror("recv");
exit(1);
}
buf[numbytes] = &#39;/0&#39;;
printf("Recive from server:%s",buf);
//关闭socket
close(sockfd);

return 0;
}

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