What is laravel routing configuration file

What is Laravel routing configuration file

Laravel is a popular PHP development framework that provides a powerful routing system that can map URLs to controller methods. Laravel's routing system allows us to easily create RESTful APIs and web applications, and allows us to handle various HTTP requests (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.) in a very simple way. In Laravel, routes are composed of one or more bulk route definitions, which can also be grouped into a grouped route. This article will focus on Laravel routing configuration files.

In Laravel, routing can be defined directly in the routing file or using a routing configuration file. So, what is a routing configuration file? Simply put, Laravel routing configuration file is a PHP file that defines routing, which contains routing definitions, routing groupings and other information. Placing the route definition in the configuration file allows us to change the application's routing by simply modifying the configuration file without modifying the controller code.

Laravel's routing configuration file is usually saved in the /routes directory, and the file name is web.php or api.php, which corresponds to the routing definition of Web applications and API applications respectively. In both files, Laravel provides some sample code that we can use directly to start designing our application routes. For example, the web.php file contains a sample route:

Route::get('/', function () { 
    return view('welcome');
});

This route defines a GET request that returns a view named "welcome" when the URL is "/". Likewise, definitions for example routes are provided in the api.php file. For example:

Route::middleware('auth:api')->get('/user', function (Request $request) {
    return $request->user();
});

This route defines a GET request. When the URL is "/user", the "auth:api" middleware needs to be used to authenticate the user and return the current user's information.

In Laravel's routing configuration file, we can use routing macro definitions to simplify the routing definition code. Route macro definitions allow us to create reusable route templates and use them in different routes. For example, we can define a macro definition called "dashboard" in the web.php file:

Route::macro('dashboard', function () {
    Route::get('/dashboard', [DashboardController::class, 'index'])->name('dashboard');
});

We can then use this macro definition elsewhere in the application:

Route::middleware(['auth', 'verified'])->dashboard();

This route defines a GET request. When the URL is "/dashboard" and is verified by the "auth" and "verified" middleware, the index method in the DashboardController class is called and named "dashboard".

Laravel's routing configuration file also provides the function of routing grouping. Route grouping allows us to define the same middleware, named prefix, namespace and other options for a group of routes within a routing group. For example, in the web.php file, we can create a routing group named "admin":

Route::prefix('admin')->middleware(['auth'])->group(function () {
    Route::get('/', [AdminController::class, 'dashboard'])->name('admin.dashboard');
    Route::get('/users', [UserController::class, 'index'])->name('admin.users.index');
    Route::get('/users/{id}', [UserController::class, 'show'])->name('admin.users.show');
});

This routing group defines a routing path prefix "admin" and needs to be verified using the "auth" middleware The user then defines three sub-routes. When the URL is "/admin", call the dashboard method in the AdminController class and name it "admin.dashboard"; when the URL is "/admin/users", call the index method in the UserController class and name it "admin" .users.index"; when the URL is "/admin/users/{id}", call the show method in the UserController class and name it "admin.users.show".

Routing groups can also be nested to organize routing in a more fine-grained manner. For example, we can create a subgroup named "settings" in the "admin" routing group in the above example:

Route::prefix('settings')->group(function () {
    Route::get('/', [SettingsController::class, 'index'])->name('admin.settings.index');
    Route::post('/', [SettingsController::class, 'update'])->name('admin.settings.update');
});

This subgroup defines a routing path prefix "settings", and then defines Two sub-routes, a GET request and a POST request, call the index and update methods in the SettingsController class respectively, and name them "admin.settings.index" and "admin.settings.update".

Summary:

Laravel's routing configuration file is a PHP file that defines routing. It is usually saved in the /routes directory. The file name is web.php or api.php, which corresponds to the Web application respectively. and routing definitions for API applications.

In the route file, we can use the route macro definition provided by Laravel to simplify the code, and we can use route grouping to define the same middleware, named prefix, namespace and other options for a group of routes.

Routing groups can be nested to organize routing in a more fine-grained manner.

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