What should I do if laravel middleware does not take effect?

When developing applications using the Laravel framework, if you need to perform some verification or processing on requests, you can use middleware. Middleware is a very powerful feature in Laravel. It can preprocess application requests to achieve some specific purposes, such as authentication, logging, cross-site request forgery (CSRF) defense, etc.

However, when using Laravel middleware, sometimes we encounter some problems, one of which is that the middleware does not take effect. There may be many reasons why middleware does not take effect. Next, we will analyze and summarize some common situations and solutions.

1. Middleware is not registered

In Laravel, we need to register custom middleware to use it normally. If we do not complete the middleware registration in the code, the middleware will not take effect. In Laravel's app/Http/Kernel.php file, you need to register the custom middleware in the corresponding middleware array.

The following is a simple sample code:

namespace App\Http;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel as HttpKernel;

class Kernel extends HttpKernel
{
    protected $middleware = [
        // ...
        \App\Http\Middleware\MyMiddleware::class,
    ];

    // ...
}

2. Middleware is processed by the global middleware layer

In Laravel applications, HTTP requests will go through A series of middleware processing, including global middleware layer, routing middleware layer and controller middleware layer. If the middleware we define is intercepted and processed by the global middleware layer, then it cannot be accessed by routing middleware and controller middleware, resulting in the middleware not taking effect.

To solve this problem, you need to clarify the scope of global middleware and when and where custom middleware needs to be called. For some special middleware, we can avoid the interference of global middleware by calling its targeted routing or controller.

3. Incorrect order of middleware

In Laravel's request processing pipeline (Pipeline), the order of middleware can determine the processing order of middleware. If we configure the middleware in the wrong order, it may also cause the middleware to not take effect.

In Laravel applications, middleware will be called in the order registered in app/Http/Kernel.php. If a certain middleware needs to be executed before other middleware is executed, then it needs to be placed at the beginning of the array.

The following is a sample code:

namespace App\Http;

use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Kernel as HttpKernel;

class Kernel extends HttpKernel
{
    protected $middleware = [
        \Illuminate\Foundation\Http\Middleware\CheckForMaintenanceMode::class,
        \App\Http\Middleware\EncryptCookies::class,
        \Illuminate\Cookie\Middleware\AddQueuedCookiesToResponse::class,
        \Illuminate\Session\Middleware\StartSession::class,
        // ...
    ];

    // ...
}

In the above sample code, StartSession middleware needs to be executed before other middleware, so it is placed The end of the array. If we place the StartSession middleware after other middleware, it will not be executed, causing the middleware to not take effect.

4. Middleware is not subject to routing permission control

Middleware is a very important security tool in Laravel applications. It can help us verify the user's identity, permissions and other information. . However, in some cases, we may find that some middleware is bypassed routing permission control, resulting in security risks.

Solving this problem requires an in-depth understanding of Laravel middleware and reasonable use to ensure that their actual effects meet our expectations.

Summary

Middleware is a very important component in Laravel applications. It can preprocess requests to achieve some specific purposes. But for some novices, sometimes they may encounter situations where the middleware does not take effect. When using middleware, we need to pay attention to middleware registration, global middleware layer processing, middleware order, and routing permission control to avoid some unpredictable security issues.

The reasons why Laravel middleware may not take effect are not limited to these. More details and in-depth understanding require developers to explore and study in actual development.

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