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PHP常用的排序和查找算法_PHP

May 30, 2016 am 08:47 AM
php Sorting Algorithm Find algorithm

本文汇总了常见的php排序算法和查找,在进行算法设计的时候有不错的借鉴价值。现分享给大家供参考之用。具体如下:

<&#63;php
/**
 * PHP最常用的四个排序方法及二种查找方法
 * 下面的排序方法全部都通过测试
 * auther : soulence
 * date : 2015/06/20
 */
 
//PHP冒泡排序法
function bubbleSort(&$arr){
 //这是一个中间变量
 $temp=0;
 //我们要把数组,从小到大排序
 //外层循环
 $flag=false;//这个优化之后效率会很高,一般够用
 for($i=0;$i<count($arr)-1;$i++){
  
   for($j=0;$j<count($arr)-1-$i;$j++){
     //说明前面的数比后面的数大,就要交换
     if($arr[$j]>$arr[$j+1]){
        $temp=$arr[$j];
        $arr[$j]=$arr[$j+1];
        $arr[$j+1]=$temp;
        $flag=true;
     }
   }
   if(!$flag){
    //已经是有序了
    break;
   }
   $flag=false;
  }
}
 
//PHP选择排序法  效率比冒泡要高
function selectSort(&$arr){
  $temp=0;
  for($i=0;$i<count($arr)-1;$i++){
    //假设$i就是最小的数
    $minVal=$arr[$i];
    //记录我认为的最小数的下标
    $minIndex=$i;
    for($j=$i+1;$j<count($arr);$j++){
      //说明我们认为的最小值,不是最小
      if($minVal>$arr[$j]){
         $minVal=$arr[$j];
         $minIndex=$j;
      }
    }
    //最后交换
    $temp=$arr[$i];
    $arr[$i]=$arr[$minIndex];
    $arr[$minIndex]=$temp;
  }
}
 
//插入排序法(小到大排序)  效率又比 选择排序法要高一些
function insertSort(&$arr){
  //先默认下标为0的这个数已经是有序
  for($i=1;$i<count($arr);$i++){
    //$insertVal是准备插入的数
    $insertVal=$arr[$i];
    //准备先和谁下标为$inserIndex的比较
    $inserIndex=$i-1;
    //如果这个条件满足,说明我们还没有找到适当的位置
    while($inserIndex >= 0 && $insertVal < $arr[$inserIndex]){
    //同时把数后移
      $arr[$inserIndex+1] = $arr[$inserIndex];
      $inserIndex--;
    }
    //插入(这时就给$inserIndex找到适当的位置)
    $arr[$inserIndex+1] = $insertVal;
  }
}
 
  
//快速排序法 第一种写法 不是我实现的
function quickSort($left,$right,&$arr){
   $l=$left;
   $r=$right;
   $pivot= $arr[($left+$right)/2];
   while($l<$r){
     while($arr[$l]<$pivot){
      $l++;
     }
     while($arr[$r]>$pivot){
      $r--;
     }
     if($l>=$r){
      break;
     }
     
     $temp=$arr[$l];
     $arr[$l]=$arr[$r];
     $arr[$r]=$temp;
     if($arr[$l]==$pivot){
      --$r;
     }
     if($arr[$r]==$pivot){
      ++$l;
     }
   }
   if($l==$r){
    $l++;
    $r--;
   }
   if($left<$r) quickSort($left,$r,$arr);
   if($right>$l) quickSort($l,$right,$arr);
}
 
/**
 * 快速排序方法 第二种实现方法 自己实现的
 * PHP快速排序方法
 * $order asc 小到大 desc大到小 默认是asc
 * $order 的值只能为 asc desc 如果乱写一个值也是按asc排序的
 */
function quickSort2($arr,$order = 'asc')
{
 if(count($arr) <= 1)
  return $arr;
 
 $arr_left = $arr_right = array();
 
 $val = $arr[0];unset($arr[0]);
 
 foreach ($arr as $v) {
  if(strtolower($order) == 'desc'){
   if($v < $val)
    $arr_right[] = $v;
   else
    $arr_left[] = $v;
  }else{
   if($v > $val)
    $arr_right[] = $v;
   else
    $arr_left[] = $v;
  }
 }
 
 $arr_left = quickSort($arr_left,$order);
 $arr_right = quickSort($arr_right,$order);
 
 return array_merge($arr_left,array($val),$arr_right);
}
 
 
//下面是查找
$arr=array(46,90,900,0,-1);
//这是按顺序查询
function search(&$arr,$findVal){   
  $flag=false;
  for($i=0;$i<count($arr);$i++){
    if($findVal==$arr[$i]){
      echo "找到了,下标为=$i";
      $flag=true;
      //查询一次,如果多次就不要这个 break;
    }
  }
  if(!$flag){
    echo "查无此数";
  }
}
 
//调用二分查找
$arr=array(0,90,900,99990);//注意,一定要是有序的
binarySwarch($arr,90,0,count($arr)-1);
 
//二分查找函数,它有一个前提,查找的数组必须是有序的
function binarySearch(&$arr,$findVal,$leftIndex,$rightIndex){
  //如果$rightIndex < $leftIndex条件成立,说明没有这个数,则退出
  if($rightIndex < $leftIndex){
    echo "找不到该数";
    return;
  }
  //首先找到中间这个数 round是出于如果出现小数,四舍五入
  $middleIndex=round(($rightIndex+$leftIndex)/2);
  //如果大于则向后面找
  if($findVal > $arr[$middleIndex]){
    binarySearch($arr,$findVal,$middleIndex+1,$rightIndex);
    //如果小于中间数,则向前面找
  }else if($findVal < $arr[$middleIndex]){
    binarySearch($arr,$findVal,$leftIndex,$middleIndex-1);
  }else{
    echo "找到这个数。下标是$middleIndex";
  }
}
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希望本文所述排序算法和查找算法实例对大家的php程序设计有所帮助。

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