Let's talk about golang process control

The process control function of Go language is very powerful and can be used to control the execution flow of the program. Process control is divided into two types: branch structure and loop structure.

1. Branch structure

The branch structure refers to selecting different execution paths based on certain conditions. The branch structure has two statements: if statement and switch statement.

1. if statement

The if statement is used to determine whether a certain condition is true. If the condition is true, the code after if is executed. If the condition is not true, skip if statement block. The syntax structure of the if statement is as follows:

if conditional expression {

// 执行代码

}

The conditional expression is usually a Boolean type value or an expression that returns a Boolean type. For example:

if a > b {

// 执行代码

}

If the result of the conditional expression is true, then the code in the curly brackets will be executed. If the conditional expression evaluates to false, the code within the curly braces will be skipped.

2. if else statement

The if else statement is used to execute different blocks of code in two cases: the condition is true and the condition is not true. The syntax structure of the if else statement is as follows:

if conditional expression {

// 成立时执行的代码

} else {

// 不成立时执行的代码

}

3. if else if statement

When you need to judge multiple conditions, you can use the if else if statement. if else The syntax structure of the if statement is as follows:

if conditional expression 1 {

// 成立时执行的代码

} else if conditional expression 2 {

// 成立时执行的代码

} else {

// 不成立时执行的代码

}

Conditional expression 1 and conditional expression 2 are mutually exclusive, and only one of them will be executed.

4. switch statement

The switch statement is used to execute different code blocks based on different conditions. The syntax structure of the switch statement is as follows:

switch variable {

case 值1:
    // 执行代码
case 值2:
    // 执行代码
default:
    // 执行代码

}

If the value of the variable is equal to the value 1, the code block after the first case is executed; if If the value of the variable is equal to the value 2, the code block after the second case is executed; if the value of the variable does not match the values ​​of all cases, the code block after default is executed.

2. Loop structure

The loop structure refers to repeatedly executing the same piece of code based on certain conditions. There are three types of statements in the loop structure: for statement, range statement and goto statement.

1. for statement

The for statement is used to continuously execute a certain piece of code if a condition is met. The syntax structure of the for statement is as follows:

for initial statement; conditional expression; post-positioned statement {

// 执行代码

}

Initial statement is used to initialize loop variables; conditional expression Used to determine whether to continue executing the loop; post-position statements are used to perform operations after each loop ends.

2. range statement

The range statement is used to iteratively access a container, such as arrays, slices, maps, etc. The syntax structure of the range statement is as follows:

for variable:= range container{

// 执行代码

}

The range statement will assign each element in the container to the variable in turn, and Execute the corresponding code block.

3. goto statement

The goto statement can be used to jump to a certain location in the program unconditionally. The syntax structure of the goto statement is as follows:

goto label

The label is a certain location in the program and can be represented by an identifier. When the program executes the goto statement, the program will jump to the location of the label and continue executing the code.

Summary

Through branch structures and loop structures, we can flexibly control the execution flow of the program. In actual programming, we should choose the appropriate process control structure according to specific needs, thereby improving the efficiency and readability of the program.

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