An article introducing forced type conversion in Golang

Golang, as a widely used programming language, provides many useful features in development. One of them is support for casts. In some cases, we need to convert one data type to another data type to meet programming needs. This article will introduce the concept and usage of cast in Golang.

1. Concept

Forced type conversion refers to changing the data type of a variable. This conversion is called "coercion" because some information or precision is lost during the conversion process, so an explicit type conversion is required. There are two types of type conversion in Golang, one is upward conversion and the other is downward conversion.

• Upward transformation: Convert low-precision, small-range types to high-precision, large-range types. For example, convert int type to float64 type.
• Downcasting: Convert high-precision, large-range types to low-precision, small-range types. For example, convert float64 type to int type.

2. Usage method

In Golang, cast type conversion is done using the bracket format of the target type. For example:

var a int = 10
var b float64 = float64(a) // 将int类型转换成float64类型
var c int64 = int64(a) // 将int类型转换成int64类型

3. Exception handling

When performing forced type conversion, you need to pay attention to the handling of exceptions. For example, when converting the float64 type to the int type, if the value of the float64 type exceeds the value range of the int type, overflow will occur. For this purpose, it can be processed through the functions in the math package:

import "math"

var a float64 = 1.23
var b int = int(a)
var c int = int(math.Round(a)) // 四舍五入后再做强制转换
fmt.Println(b, c)

4. Summary

Forced type conversion is a very important programming technology that can improve the flexibility of the code performance and readability. When performing type conversions, you must pay attention to the differences between the source and target types, especially issues of precision and range. In actual use, different conversion methods need to be selected according to the actual situation to ensure the correctness and stability of the program.

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