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PHP学习笔记(二):变量详解_PHP

May 30, 2016 pm 03:09 PM
php variable study notes

一、PHP 变量简介

1、语法

代码如下:


//PHP是弱类型语言,变量类型由存储的值决定
//强类型语言:int a = 1
$变量名 = 值

2、命名规则

1).不能数字开头
2).不能使用PHP运算符(+-x/%&)
3).可以使用PHP关键字
4).区分大小写(php只有变量、常量区分大小写)
5).驼峰命名法:aaBbCc(第一个单词首字母小写)

3、可变变量

变量名可动态设置,例如:$$var

4、引用赋值

代码如下:


$a=1;
$b=&$a; //将$a内存地址的值赋给$b
$a=2;
echo $b //最后值等于1

二、变量数据类型

1、四种标量

代码如下:


int(整型)、bool(布尔型)、float,double(浮点刑)、string(字符串)


2、二种复合型

代码如下:


数组:array()
对象:object
例如:$var = new mysqlli('localhost','root','123455')

3、二种特殊类型

代码如下:


resource(资源) 例如:$var = fopen('test.php','r')
Null(空类型) 不区分大小写

三、常用函数

代码如下:


isset() //变量是否存在,值为null表示不存在
unset() //释放变量
var_dump() //检查变量或值的类型
empty() //变量不存在或者为空时返回true
settype($a,int) //设置变量类型
gettype() //获取变量类型

四、变量声明方法

代码如下:


$int = 10 //整型4字节,最大值2³²
$float = 3.14E⁴ //浮点型等于3.14X10⁴
$bool = false //true为真
$str = "string" //双引号中可以解析变量和转义字符

//不可以使用转义字符,但可以转义单引号本身 例如 $str = 'a\'a\''
$str = 'string'


使用定界符声明字符串

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