Panoramic analysis of machine vision industry chain
Machine Vision (MachineVision) is a combination of hardware and software used in industrial and non-industrial fields. Its main function is to capture and process images and provide operational guidance for equipment execution. It is a pioneering force in intelligent manufacturing and is mainly used in The front-end aspects of manufacturing include electronic manufacturing and automobiles.
Upstream: Parts and Raw Materials
Machine vision is composed of multiple components, and the raw materials of each component are different. Therefore, the scope of industries involved in the upstream of the industrial chain is relatively wide. , mainly including raw materials such as LED, CCD, CMOS, optical materials, and electronic components. In a typical machine vision system, the light source and light source controller, lens, camera and other hardware parts are responsible for imaging. The vision control system is responsible for processing and analyzing the imaging results and outputting the analysis results to other executions of the smart device. mechanism. ●Light sourceThe quality of a light source lies in contrast, brightness and sensitivity to position changes. The machine vision industry mainly uses LED light source products. There is currently no universal machine vision lighting equipment, and there are personalized solutions for each specific application instance to achieve the best results. ●LensThe lens is equivalent to the lens of the human eye and is the starting point for the process of machine vision collection and transmission of subject information. The lens used is an industrial-grade lens. China's industrial lens market is expanding rapidly at a growth rate that far exceeds that of the global market. Behind the rapid expansion is mainly the continuous improvement of related production and research and development processes, which promotes the continuous improvement of the quality and efficiency of lens production, such as the improvement of coating technology. Development has improved the yield rate of lenses, the development of computer-aided software has improved the efficiency of coating engineers in the field of optical design, and the investment in automatic assembly machines has changed the assembly process from manual to automatic assembly, improving assembly efficiency and product stability. ●Industrial CameraThe camera is an image acquisition unit in machine vision, equivalent to the retina of the human eye, converting optical signals into electrical signals. The optics passing through the lens are focused on the image plane to generate an image. After the image is collected, analog or digital signals are output, and these signals are reconstructed into grayscale or color matrix images in the vision control system. Industrial cameras are mainly imported from Europe and the United States, and domestic brands have gradually replaced imports from the low-end market. Because industrial scenes have high requirements for the accuracy and stability of machine vision, whether it is software or hardware such as light sources, lenses, cameras, etc., it is difficult to develop, and due to the diversification of downstream industries and needs , the hardware models and software algorithms are very complex, and a comprehensive product line layout requires a long period of accumulation. In addition, in order to meet new industries and new needs, many manufacturers are proactively deploying innovative technologies such as 3D and machine learning. Midstream: component manufacturing and complete system integrationThe midstream of machine vision is the core link of the industrial chain, including component manufacturing and complete system integration. Domestic manufacturers are developing rapidly on the integration side, especially in some fields where foreign investment has not yet been deployed, or in non-standard automation fields such as 3C.Domestic integration manufacturers have small profit margins for purely secondary development. After completing a good layout in the downstream of a certain industry, they will try to gradually extend to the upstream and underlying development to carry out import substitution of core software and hardware.
There are two main types of machine vision development tools, one is a tool kit that contains a variety of processing algorithms, and the other is application software that specializes in realizing a certain type of special work.
In addition to independent research and development, production and sales of standardized machine vision core components, machine vision manufacturers also deeply integrate downstream actual scenarios to provide complete systems in an overall solution model.
Complete system integration plays a vital role in machine vision. According to the American Automated Imaging Association (AIA), complete machine vision systems (including smart cameras) account for 86% of sales in the North American machine vision industry. , machine vision components only account for 14%.
Downstream of the machine vision industry chain: terminal applications
Subject to high-precision requirements, the downstream demand structure of machine vision is relatively simple, with semiconductor and electronic manufacturing and automotive industry applications still accounting for half of the country.
With the rapid development of the new energy industry, it has become a new growth pole; at the same time, applications in medicine, food and other fields are also emerging.
Take the food industry as an example. Machine vision is currently used in inspection and sorting, but it is mainly used by large food companies such as Yili and Mengniu. The overall penetration rate in the industry is not high. Therefore, in the future, intelligent Under the general trend of manufacturing, it is expected that the penetration rate will gradually deepen.
To sum up, the application of machine vision covers multiple links in the industry chain.
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