选择MySQL数据库的命令以及PHP脚本下的操作方法_MySQL
在你连接到 MySQL 数据库后，可能有多个可以操作的数据库，所以你需要选择你要操作的数据库。
从命令提示窗口中选择MySQL数据库
在 mysql> 提示窗口中可以很简单的选择特定的数据库。你可以使用SQL命令来选择指定的数据库。
实例
以下实例选取了数据库 TUTORIALS:
[root@host]# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:******
mysql> use TUTORIALS;
Database changed
mysql>
执行以上命令后，你就已经成功选择了 TUTORIALS 数据库，在后续的操作中都会在 TUTORIALS 数据库中执行。
注意:所有的数据库名，表名，表字段都是区分大小写的。所以你在使用SQL命令时需要输入正确的名称。
使用PHP脚本选择MySQL数据库
PHP 提供了函数 mysql_select_db 来选取一个数据库。函数在执行成功后返回 TRUE ，否则返回 FALSE 。
语法
bool mysql_select_db( db_name, connection );
实例
以下实例展示了如何使用 mysql_select_db 函数来选取一个数据库：
<html>
<head>
<title>Selecting MySQL Database</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
$dbhost = 'localhost:3036';
$dbuser = 'guest';
$dbpass = 'guest123';
$conn = mysql_connect($dbhost, $dbuser, $dbpass);
if(! $conn )
{
die('Could not connect: ' . mysql_error());
}
echo 'Connected successfully';
mysql_select_db( 'TUTORIALS' );
mysql_close($conn);
?>
</body>
</html>
PS：MySQL 的数据类型
MySQL中定义数据字段的类型对你数据库的优化是非常重要的。
MySQL支持多种类型，大致可以分为三类：数值、日期/时间和字符串(字符)类型。
数值类型
MySQL支持所有标准SQL数值数据类型。
这些类型包括严格数值数据类型(INTEGER、SMALLINT、DECIMAL和NUMERIC)，以及近似数值数据类型(FLOAT、REAL和DOUBLE PRECISION)。
关键字INT是INTEGER的同义词，关键字DEC是DECIMAL的同义词。
BIT数据类型保存位字段值，并且支持MyISAM、MEMORY、InnoDB和BDB表。
作为SQL标准的扩展，MySQL也支持整数类型TINYINT、MEDIUMINT和BIGINT。下面的表显示了需要的每个整数类型的存储和范围。
日期和时间类型
表示时间值的日期和时间类型为DATETIME、DATE、TIMESTAMP、TIME和YEAR。
每个时间类型有一个有效值范围和一个"零"值，当指定不合法的MySQL不能表示的值时使用"零"值。
TIMESTAMP类型有专有的自动更新特性。
字符串类型
字符串类型指CHAR、VARCHAR、BINARY、VARBINARY、BLOB、TEXT、ENUM和SET。该节描述了这些类型如何工作以及如何在查询中使用这些类型。
CHAR和VARCHAR类型类似，但它们保存和检索的方式不同。它们的最大长度和是否尾部空格被保留等方面也不同。在存储或检索过程中不进行大小写转换。
BINARY和VARBINARY类类似于CHAR和VARCHAR，不同的是它们包含二进制字符串而不要非二进制字符串。也就是说，它们包含字节字符串而不是字符字符串。这说明它们没有字符集，并且排序和比较基于列值字节的数值值。
BLOB是一个二进制大对象，可以容纳可变数量的数据。有4种BLOB类型：TINYBLOB、BLOB、MEDIUMBLOB和LONGBLOB。它们只是可容纳值的最大长度不同。
有4种TEXT类型：TINYTEXT、TEXT、MEDIUMTEXT和LONGTEXT。这些对应4种BLOB类型，有相同的最大长度和存储需求。
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