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How to link html to css

May 05, 2023 pm 02:30 PM

In web design, style sheets are a very important part, which can make our web pages more beautiful and easier to read. HTML can link to external style sheets, and the most commonly used style sheet is CSS. In this article, we will introduce how HTML links to CSS.

1. What is CSS?

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a markup language used to describe the appearance style of documents such as HTML or XML. CSS can separate the appearance and format of a web page from its content by controlling fonts, colors, backgrounds, layout, etc.

2. Link CSS in HTML

To use CSS in HTML, we need to add the <link> element in the <head> tag. This element is used to link to external CSS files. In the <link> element, we can specify the location, file name, and media type of the CSS file. Here is an example:

&lt;head&gt;
  &lt;link rel=&quot;stylesheet&quot; type=&quot;text/css&quot; href=&quot;styles.css&quot;&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;

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In this example, we name the CSS file "styles.css" through the <link> element, which is located in the directory of our current web page. This CSS file contains the styles we want to apply to the page.

When the browser parses HTML, it automatically downloads the CSS file and applies the styles in it to the HTML.

3. Internal CSS style sheet

In addition to linking external CSS files, we can also add the <style> element in the <head> tag to define internal CSS styles. This method is suitable for situations where only one page requires special styles and does not require additional CSS files.

The following is an example:

&lt;head&gt;
  &lt;style type=&quot;text/css&quot;&gt;
    body {
      background-color: lightblue;
    }
    h1 {
      color: white;
      text-align: center;
    }
  &lt;/style&gt;
&lt;/head&gt;

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In this example, two styles are defined within the <style> element: one can change the background color of the page, and the other can change the color of the title and Center alignment.

4. CSS Selector

In CSS, selectors are used to select HTML elements to which styles should be applied. CSS has many different selectors, such as element selectors, class selectors, ID selectors, etc.

The following is an example:

/* 元素选择器 */
p {
  color: red;
}

/* 类选择器 */
.header {
  background-color: lightblue;
}

/* ID选择器 */
#mainContent {
  font-size: 18px;
}

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In this example, we select the p element and change the font color; select the class named "header" and change its background color; An ID named "mainContent" was selected and the font size was changed.

5. Summary

Through the <link> element, we can link the external CSS style sheet to HTML; through the <style> element, we can define the internal style. At the same time, CSS selectors can be used to select HTML elements whose styles need to be modified.

Mastering the method of linking HTML to CSS is an essential skill for Web front-end development. We can create exquisite web designs through CSS, allowing users to better read and operate the content of the website.

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