golang receives request

With the rapid development of the Internet and the popularity of mobile devices, more and more applications require efficient operations and processing of massive data. As a new development language, Go language has received widespread attention and application. This article will introduce how to use Go language to receive and process HTTP requests.

1. HTTP request

HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used to transfer files (such as HTML, pictures, videos, etc.) and is the data in the Web. The basis for exchange. In the HTTP protocol, the client sends a request message to the server, and the server returns a response message after receiving the request.

HTTP request consists of three parts:

1. Request line: including request method, request address and HTTP protocol version. Commonly used request methods include GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, etc.

2. Request header: including client information, requested file type, cache control, etc.

3. Request body: The request body is optional and is usually used to submit form data.

2. HTTP processing in Go language

Go language has a built-in lightweight HTTP server that can easily handle HTTP requests. The Go language can implement HTTP servers and clients through the "net/http" package in the standard library.

1. HTTP Server

HTTP server is usually a process or thread that communicates with clients and returns responses based on HTTP requests.

In the Go language, you can use the "ListenAndServe" function in the "net/http" package to implement the HTTP server.

The sample code is as follows:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", indexHandler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func indexHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprint(w, "Hello World")
}

This code implements a simple HTTP server, listening to the local 8080 port. When the client initiates an HTTP request, the "indexHandler" function is called and "Hello World" is returned to the client.

2. HTTP client

HTTP client is used to send requests to the server and process the server's response. In the Go language, you can use the "Get", "Post", "Put" and "Delete" methods in the "http" package to implement HTTP requests.

The sample code is as follows:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    resp, err := http.Get("http://example.com/")
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }
    defer resp.Body.Close()

    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(resp.Body)
    if err != nil {
        fmt.Println(err)
        return
    }

    fmt.Println(string(body))
}

This code implements a simple HTTP client, sends an HTTP request to "http://example.com", and returns the response content.

3. HTTP request example

Let’s take a look at a complete HTTP request example. This instance implements the processing of HTTP requests, including the processing of GET and POST methods.

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "io/ioutil"
    "net/http"
)

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", indexHandler)

    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

func indexHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    if r.Method == "GET" {
        getHandler(w, r)
    } else if r.Method == "POST" {
        postHandler(w, r)
    } else {
        http.Error(w, "Method Not Allowed", http.StatusMethodNotAllowed)
    }
}

func getHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    fmt.Fprint(w, "GET Request")
}

func postHandler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    body, err := ioutil.ReadAll(r.Body)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }

    fmt.Fprintf(w, "POST Request: %v", string(body))
}

This code implements a simple HTTP server that listens to the local port 8080. When the client initiates an HTTP request, if it is a GET method, it will call the "getHandler" function and return "GET Request" to the client; if it is a POST method, it will call the "postHandler" function and return "POST Request" and the request body to client.

Summary

This article introduces how to use Go language to implement HTTP request processing. Through the "net/http" package in the standard library of the Go language, HTTP servers and clients can be easily implemented, and HTTP methods such as GET, POST, PUT, and DELETE are supported. If you are looking for efficient HTTP processing, try using Go language.

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