css to achieve full screen

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) is a markup language used to describe the appearance and style of web pages. It can add style, layout and interactive effects to HTML documents. In front-end development, it is often necessary to achieve a full-screen effect. This article will introduce how to use CSS to achieve a full-screen effect.

1. Full-screen attribute

The full-screen attribute (Fullscreen API) was introduced in CSS3, which allows developers to display some elements or the entire page in full screen on a web page. Through the full-screen attribute, you can perform certain operations when the browser window is full-screen. Using this attribute can allow web programs to achieve a better user experience.

The syntax of this attribute is as follows:

element:fullscreen{
    /*全屏样式*/
}

When the user presses the full screen key or performs other standard full screen operations, the element will be enlarged by the browser to fill the entire screen. When exiting the full-screen state, the element returns to its original size and position.

It should be noted that the full-screen attribute can only be recognized by supported browsers, including Chrome, Firefox, Safari and IE11.

2. Achieve full-screen effect

Below we will demonstrate how to use the full-screen API to achieve full-screen for individual elements and full-screen for the entire page.

1. Implement full screen for individual elements

First, add an element that needs to be displayed full screen in HTML, for example:

<div id="fullscreen">
    ...
</div>

Then, add the following code in the CSS style:

#fullscreen {
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
}

#fullscreen:fullscreen {
    position: fixed;
    top: 0;
    left: 0;
    width: 100%;
    height: 100%;
    z-index: 999;
    background-color: #fff; /*全屏时的背景色*/
}

In the code, first set the width and height of the element to 100%. Next, additional styling was added to the fullscreen attribute (:fullscreen), including setting the element to fixed positioning (position:fixed) so that its position is based on the browser window rather than the parent element. Also set the width and height of the element to 100%. Finally, to position the full-screen element on top of other elements, set the z-index to 999. Additionally, additional styles can be added to change the background color, fonts, and other styles when full screen.

2. To achieve the full screen effect of the entire page

To achieve the full screen effect of the entire page, you can add the full screen style to the HTML and body elements:

html:fullscreen, 
body:fullscreen {
    height: 100%;
    overflow: hidden;
}

Here both elements are Set to full screen, then set their height to 100%. In addition, to prevent the scroll bar from appearing in full-screen mode, set the overflow attribute to hidden. This way, when the user presses the full screen key in the browser, the entire page will be enlarged to fit the screen size.

It should be noted that when using the full-screen API, the browser may disable autoplay functions, such as automatically playing audio and video. Additionally, keyboard and mouse events may differ in full-screen mode.

3. Summary

CSS is very simple to achieve the full-screen effect. You only need to add some CSS properties. You can use the full-screen API to set elements in a web page to appear full-screen to provide a better user experience. It should be noted that the full-screen attribute is only valid in supported browsers, and there may be some restrictions in the full-screen state.

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