PHP Program Deployment Document
As a popular server-side scripting language, PHP has been widely used in fields such as website development, Web application development, and command line scripts. How to deploy PHP programs has become one of the skills that every PHP programmer needs to master. This article will introduce the deployment process of PHP programs and help readers complete the deployment of PHP programs in different scenarios.
First, we need to install the PHP environment on the target machine. You can install PHP in the Linux environment through the following command:
$ sudo apt-get update $ sudo apt-get install php
After the installation is completed, you can check the PHP version through the following command:
$ php -v
If you see the PHP version information, it means that the PHP environment is set up success.
PHP programs need to be run through a Web server. Here are two common Web servers: Apache and Nginx.
2.1 Apache
Apache is one of the most popular web servers, supports multiple operating systems and is very easy to configure. Apache can be installed through the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install apache2
After the installation is completed, you can check whether Apache is running through the following command:
$ systemctl status apache2
If you see the status information of Apache, Apache is running normally.
2.2 Nginx
Nginx is a lightweight web server with faster performance and lower resource consumption than Apache. Nginx can be installed through the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install nginx
After the installation is completed, you can check whether Nginx is running through the following command:
$ systemctl status nginx
If you see the status information of Nginx, Nginx is running normally.
After selecting the Web server, you can start deploying the PHP program. We can upload PHP program files to the server, or download the code to the target machine through version control tools such as Git.
3.1 Static website
If the PHP program only has simple HTML pages and static data, we can place these files in the root directory of the Web server. The root directory defaults to /var/www/html
in Apache and /usr/share/nginx/html
in Nginx.
Assume that the root directory of the PHP program is /var/www/myprogram
, and we put all the files in it into the root directory. Then modify the configuration file of the web server to the following content:
Apache:
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerName myprogram.com DocumentRoot /var/www/myprogram </VirtualHost>
Nginx:
server { listen 80; server_name myprogram.com; root /var/www/myprogram; }
Restart the web server and you can access the PHP program through the browser.
3.2 Dynamic website
If the PHP program needs to dynamically generate pages, we need to configure the interaction method between the web server and PHP.
3.2.1 Apache mod_php
Apache can support PHP by adding plug-ins between PHP and the web server. The most common plug-in is mod_php
. It can be installed through the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php
Then you can add the following content to the Apache configuration file:
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerName myprogram.com DocumentRoot /var/www/myprogram <Directory /var/www/myprogram> AllowOverride All </Directory> # Add the following two lines AddHandler php-script .php AddType text/html .php </VirtualHost>
After restarting the Apache service, you can access the PHP program through the browser.
3.2.2 Nginx PHP-FPM
The communication method between Nginx and PHP is slightly more complicated than Apache. We need to use PHP-FPM to manage PHP processes. It can be installed through the following command:
$ sudo apt-get install php-fpm
Then you can add the following content to the Nginx configuration file:
server { listen 80; server_name myprogram.com; root /var/www/myprogram; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; # PHP版本可能不同,需要根据实际情况修改。 } }
After the modification is completed, you need to restart the Nginx and PHP-FPM services.
In actual use, we also need to perform some additional configuration, such as performance tuning, security settings, log management, etc.
4.1 Performance Tuning
PHP programs may encounter performance problems during operation. We can perform performance tuning in the following ways:
4.2 Security settings
The security of the PHP program is also very important. We can improve the security of the program in the following ways:
4.3 Log Management
Various errors and exceptions may occur during the running of PHP programs. We need to capture these problems through logs. PHP can record error logs through PHP's built-in error_log function.
We can enable the error log by:
Apache:
<VirtualHost *:80> ServerName myprogram.com DocumentRoot /var/www/myprogram <Directory /var/www/myprogram> AllowOverride All </Directory> # Add the following two lines AddHandler php-script .php AddType text/html .php # Add the following two lines php_flag display_errors on php_value error_log /var/log/apache2/error.log </VirtualHost>
Nginx:
server { listen 80; server_name myprogram.com; root /var/www/myprogram; location / { try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args; } location ~ \.php$ { include snippets/fastcgi-php.conf; fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock; # Add the following two lines fastcgi_param PHP_FLAG "display_errors=on"; fastcgi_param PHP_VALUE "error_log=/var/log/nginx/error.log"; } }
After enabling the log, we can view the error log by To understand the abnormal situation of the program and make repairs.
This article introduces how to complete the deployment of PHP programs by selecting a Web server, deploying PHP programs, performing additional configurations, etc., and analyzes common performance, Security and log management issues are introduced. Readers can choose different deployment methods according to the actual situation, and configure and perform performance tuning of the program to improve the performance and security of the program.
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