How to split string into array in php

PHP is a widely used open source server scripting language mainly used for developing web applications. In PHP, string is a very common data type. In some cases, we need to split the string into an array. So, how to split a string into an array in PHP? Next, this article will introduce in detail the method and implementation of splitting PHP strings into arrays.

1. Use the explode() function

PHP has a built-in very convenient function explode(), which is used to split a string into an array according to the specified delimiter.

To use the explode() function, you only need to provide two parameters. The first parameter is the delimiter, and the second parameter is the string to be split. For example, if we want to split the string "apple, banana, orange" into arrays according to commas, we can write it like this:

$str = "apple,banana,orange";
$arr = explode(",", $str);
print_r($arr);

The output result is as follows:

Array
(
    [0] => apple
    [1] => banana
    [2] => orange
)

In the above code, we use commas as Delimiter, splits a string into an array. As you can see, the $arr array contains three elements: "apple", "banana" and "orange".

2. Use the str_split() function

The str_split() function can split a string into an array according to the specified length, or split a single character into an array.

Using the str_split() function only requires one parameter, which is the string to be split. For example, if we want to split the string "hello" into arrays according to single characters, we can write it like this:

$str = "hello";
$arr = str_split($str);
print_r($arr);

The output result is as follows:

Array
(
    [0] => h
    [1] => e
    [2] => l
    [3] => l
    [4] => o
)

In the above code, the $arr array contains " Five elements: h", "e", "l", "l" and "o".

3. Use the preg_split() function

If you need to split a string into an array according to a complex pattern, you can use the preg_split() function. This function uses regular expressions to specify delimiters.

Using the preg_split() function requires providing two parameters. The first parameter is the regular expression pattern, and the second parameter is the string to be split. For example, if we want to split the string "1,2-3|4" into arrays according to numbers or "|,-", we can write it like this:

$str = "1,2-3|4";
$arr = preg_split("/\d+|\||-/", $str);
print_r($arr);

The output result is as follows:

Array
(
    [0] => 
    [1] => 
    [2] => 
    [3] => 
    [4] => 
)

In the above code, we use a regular expression pattern to match numbers or "|,-" as delimiters. As you can see, the $arr array contains five empty elements because our regular expression did not capture any results.

We need to modify the regular expression pattern a little and add capturing groups to our expression. For example, the following code splits the string into an array:

$str = "1,2-3|4";
$arr = preg_split("/\d+|\||-/", $str, null, PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY);
print_r($arr);

The output result is as follows:

Array
(
    [0] => 1
    [1] => 2
    [2] => 3
    [3] => 4
)

In the above code, we use the fourth parameter PREG_SPLIT_NO_EMPTY to delete empty elements from the result , and successfully split the string into an array of numbers.

To sum up, PHP provides a variety of methods to split strings into arrays. Whether it is a single character, fixed length or complex pattern, it can be easily implemented using PHP's built-in functions. During the development process, choosing the appropriate split function according to needs can improve the efficiency and maintainability of the code, making our programming work more efficient and convenient.

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