nodejs http request tool

Node.js is a very popular development environment, and its powerful JavaScript engine can provide efficient web applications. In web development, HTTP requests and responses are often required, which requires the use of some HTTP request tools. This article will mainly introduce the commonly used HTTP request tools in Node.js.

1. Node.js built-in HTTP module

Node.js comes with its own HTTP module, which can easily create an HTTP service. In the HTTP module, many related request and response APIs are provided, involving reading of HTTP request headers and request bodies, output of response headers and response bodies, etc., which are very convenient to use. The following is a code that uses the HTTP module to create a server:

const http = require('http');

const server = http.createServer((req, res) => {
  res.statusCode = 200;
  res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain');
  res.end('Hello World!');
});

server.listen(3000, () => {
  console.log('Server running at http://localhost:3000/');
});

2. Use the third-party module request

Although Node.js has a built-in HTTP module, its API may be too low-level. Use It's not very convenient to get up. Therefore, we can also choose to use third-party modules, such as the request module. First use npm to install:

npm install request

The request module provides a more convenient API that can quickly complete HTTP requests and obtain response data. The following is an example of using the request module to send a GET request:

const request = require('request');

request('http://www.baidu.com', function (error, response, body) {
  console.error('error:', error); // Print the error if one occurred
  console.log('statusCode:', response && response.statusCode); // Print the response status code if a response was received
  console.log('body:', body); // Print the HTML for the Google homepage.
});

3. Using the third-party module axios

In addition to the request module, there is also a very powerful HTTP request tool - axios. It is a Promise-based HTTP client that can be used in the browser and Node.js. axios has the following features:

1. Can intercept requests and responses.
2. Automatically convert JSON data.
3. Support cancellation request.
4. You can set default request headers and request parameters.
5. More reliable and lightweight.

Use npm to install:

npm install axios

The following is an example of using axios to send a GET request:

const axios = require('axios')

axios.get('https://api.github.com/users/johnny4120')
  .then(function (response) {
    console.log(response.data)
  })
  .catch(function (error) {
    console.log(error)
  })

4. Request parameter processing

When making a request, some parameters are often brought, and different modules handle them differently. When using the request module to make a request, you can use the querystring module to convert the object into a request parameter string, or you can use json parameters directly. For example:

const querystring = require('querystring');
const request = require('request');

const options = {
  url: 'https://www.google.com/search',
  qs: {
    q: 'node.js'
  }
};

request(options, function(error, response, body) {
  console.log(body);
});

// 或者

request.post({
  url: 'http://www.example.com',
  json: {key: 'value'}
}, function(error, response, body) {
  console.log(body);
});

When using the axios module, you can use the params parameter to convert the object into a query string, or you can use the data parameter:

const axios = require('axios');

axios.get('https://api.github.com/search/repositories', {
  params: {
    q: 'node',
    sort: 'stars',
    order: 'desc'
  }
})
  .then(function (response) {
    console.log(response.data);
  })
  .catch(function (error) {
    console.log(error);
  });

// 或者

axios.post('http://www.example.com', {foo: 'bar'})
  .then(function (response) {
    console.log(response.data);
  })
  .catch(function (error) {
    console.log(error);
  });

In summary, there are many methods in Node.js There are several HTTP request tools to choose from, each of which has its applicable scenarios. Choosing the most appropriate tool based on project needs will make development more efficient and convenient.

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