golang json Chinese garbled code

Go language is a very popular back-end programming language. It has excellent performance and has a rich standard library and third-party libraries. It performs well in handling network communications, concurrency, databases, etc. However, when processing JSON format data, you may encounter the problem of Chinese garbled characters. This article aims to introduce the causes and solutions to the problem of Chinese garbled characters in Golang JSON.

1. Causes of JSON Chinese garbled characters

JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a lightweight data exchange format that represents data in the form of key-value pairs. In Golang, we can use the encoding/json package in the standard library to encode and decode JSON.

When we try to encode the data structure containing Chinese into JSON and return it to the client, Chinese garbled characters may appear, such as the following code:

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    data := map[string]string{
        "name": "张三",
        "age":  "18",
    }
    jsonData, err := json.Marshal(data)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "JSON Data: %s", string(jsonData))
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

In the above code, we define A handler function is created, where data is a map[string]string type data structure, which contains Chinese key-value pairs. We encode it into JSON formatted data using the json.Marshal function and return it to the client via the fmt.Fprintf function.

However, when we access the program in the browser, we will find that the Chinese in the output JSON data has become garbled.

This is because Golang uses UTF-8 encoding by default for JSON encoding, and the default encoding used by browsers is GBK or GB2312. Therefore, in the JSON data returned by the server, the browser cannot correctly identify the encoding method, resulting in the problem of Chinese garbled characters.

2. Solution

In order to solve the problem of Chinese garbled characters in Golang JSON, we need to set the correct HTTP response header on the server and specify the correct character set encoding method when returning JSON data. Normally, this should be set to UTF-8.

The following is the modified code:

import (
    "encoding/json"
    "fmt"
    "net/http"
)

func handler(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
    data := map[string]string{
        "name": "张三",
        "age":  "18",
    }
    jsonData, err := json.Marshal(data)
    if err != nil {
        http.Error(w, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
        return
    }
    w.Header().Set("Content-Type", "application/json; charset=utf-8")
    fmt.Fprintf(w, "JSON Data: %s", string(jsonData))
}

func main() {
    http.HandleFunc("/", handler)
    http.ListenAndServe(":8080", nil)
}

In the above code, we use the Header() function of http.ResponseWriter to set the HTTP response header and set the Content-Type to "application/json; charset=utf-8" to specify the correct character set encoding method, thereby avoiding the problem of Chinese garbled characters.

3. Summary

Golang is a very powerful back-end programming language with powerful performance and rich standard libraries and third-party libraries. Its JSON encoding and decoding functions are also very powerful. When using Golang to process JSON data, special attention should be paid to the character set encoding method to avoid problems such as Chinese garbled characters. In actual development, we can flexibly adjust the character set encoding method according to actual application scenarios to meet different needs.

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