How to understand golang interface
Go language is a statically typed programming language with an interface-oriented design idea. Interface is a very important concept in the Go language. It provides programmers with a way to define type behavior so that different types can interact and integrate with each other.
In the Go language, each type can implement one or more interfaces, and in this way the object-oriented idea is realized. However, the interfaces in Go language are different from the interfaces in traditional object-oriented languages. This article will introduce in detail how to understand the interfaces in Go language.
1. What is an interface
An interface is a type that defines a set of methods that describe the behavior of the type. An interface can be seen as a contract, which tells the compiler what this type can do, but does not care how this type is implemented. The interface defines the signature and return value type of the method, but does not include the implementation of the method.
In the Go language, the interface is defined by the keyword "interface". An interface definition can contain zero or more methods. The following is a simple interface definition:
1 2 3 4 |
|
This interface defines two methods: Method1 and Method2, which have different parameters and return values.
2. Implementation of the interface
The implementation of the interface means that if a type wants to meet all the requirements of the interface, it must implement all the methods defined by the interface. To implement an interface, you only need to satisfy its methods and do not need to be explicitly declared. A type can implement one or more interfaces.
The following is an example of implementing the above interface:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 |
|
The above code defines a structure ExampleImpl and implements the two methods defined in the interface Example. When implementing interface methods, you need to use a receiver to specify the current type.
3. Characteristics of Interface
Interface is a very useful type with many characteristics.
- Interface variables can hold any type that implements the interface. For example:
1 2 |
|
In this example, the ex variable can hold any type that implements the Example interface. Here, we set the ex variable to an object of type ExampleImpl because the ExampleImpl type implements the Example interface.
- The zero value of the interface is nil. When the value of an interface variable is nil, it means that the variable has no value assigned. For example:
1 2 |
|
- Type assertions can be used on interface variables to check whether the interface variable implements the specified interface or type. For example:
1 2 3 |
|
In this example, we use type assertion to check whether the ex variable implements the Example interface. If implemented, print a message.
- Interfaces can be nested. This makes the definition of interfaces more flexible and multiple interfaces can be combined into one. For example:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 |
|
In this example, the ExampleAll interface contains the Example1 and Example2 interfaces, and it inherits all the methods defined by these two interfaces.
5. Summary
In Go language, interface is a very important concept. Interfaces provide programmers with a way to define the behavior of types so that different types can interact and integrate with each other. A type only needs to meet the requirements of an interface to implement the interface, and a type can implement multiple interfaces. Interfaces have many features that allow us to use them more flexibly. By understanding and mastering the concepts and usage of interfaces, we can write more versatile and flexible programs.
The above is the detailed content of How to understand golang interface. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

AI Hentai Generator
Generate AI Hentai for free.

Hot Article

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1
Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version
Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1
Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6
Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version
God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

Hot Topics

This article explains Go's package import mechanisms: named imports (e.g., import "fmt") and blank imports (e.g., import _ "fmt"). Named imports make package contents accessible, while blank imports only execute t

This article details efficient conversion of MySQL query results into Go struct slices. It emphasizes using database/sql's Scan method for optimal performance, avoiding manual parsing. Best practices for struct field mapping using db tags and robus

This article explains Beego's NewFlash() function for inter-page data transfer in web applications. It focuses on using NewFlash() to display temporary messages (success, error, warning) between controllers, leveraging the session mechanism. Limita

This article demonstrates creating mocks and stubs in Go for unit testing. It emphasizes using interfaces, provides examples of mock implementations, and discusses best practices like keeping mocks focused and using assertion libraries. The articl

This article explores Go's custom type constraints for generics. It details how interfaces define minimum type requirements for generic functions, improving type safety and code reusability. The article also discusses limitations and best practices

This article details efficient file writing in Go, comparing os.WriteFile (suitable for small files) with os.OpenFile and buffered writes (optimal for large files). It emphasizes robust error handling, using defer, and checking for specific errors.

The article discusses writing unit tests in Go, covering best practices, mocking techniques, and tools for efficient test management.

This article explores using tracing tools to analyze Go application execution flow. It discusses manual and automatic instrumentation techniques, comparing tools like Jaeger, Zipkin, and OpenTelemetry, and highlighting effective data visualization
