Golang implements redis collection

With the continuous development of Internet technology, various high-performance storage systems have sprung up. Among them, Redis is a memory-based Key-Value storage system. It is widely used in cache, message queue, counter and other fields, and plays an important role in large-scale and high-concurrency scenarios. Among them, Redis provides a variety of data structures, such as strings, lists, sets, ordered sets, hash tables, etc. Sets are widely used in various scenarios. This article will introduce how to use Golang to implement Redis sets.

1. Redis set data structure

In Redis, a set (Set) is an unordered, non-repeating collection of elements, and each element can be of any type. Redis collections are implemented through hash tables, with a complexity of O(1). In Redis, collections have the following characteristics:

1. The elements in the collection are not repeated;
2. The order of the elements in the collection is unordered;
3. The collection The elements in are unique.

Redis collections provide the following commands:

1. sadd(key, value1, value2, …): Add one or more elements to the collection;
2. srem(key, value1, value2, …): Delete one or more elements from the set;
3. scard(key): Return the number of elements in the set;
4. smembers(key ): Return all elements of the set;
5. spop(key): Randomly remove and return an element;
6. sismember(key, value): Determine whether the element is in the set;
7. sdiff(key1, key2, …): Returns the difference between multiple sets;
8. sinter(key1, key2, …): Returns the intersection between multiple sets;
9. sunion(key1, key2, …): Returns the union between multiple sets.

2. Use Golang to implement Redis collection

Golang is a statically typed, open source, high-performance programming language that is widely used in high-concurrency and large-scale distributed systems. . Next, let’s take a look at how to use Golang to implement Redis collections.

First, we need to define a set structure to represent a collection object. The code is implemented as follows:

type set struct {
    data map[interface{}]bool
}

Among them, data is a map, representing the elements in the collection. value is a bool type, indicating whether the element exists in the collection. If it exists, it is true, otherwise it is false. Next, we implement the following basic operations in the set structure:

1. Add elements to the set:

func (s *set) Add(item interface{}) {
    s.data[item] = true
}

2. Delete elements from the set:

func (s *set) Remove(item interface{}) {
    delete(s.data, item)
}

3. Return the number of elements in the set:

func (s *set) Size() int {
    return len(s.data)
}

4. Determine whether the element is in the set:

func (s *set) Contains(item interface{}) bool {
    return s.data[item]
}

5. Return all elements in the collection:

func (s *set) Members() []interface{} {
    var members []interface{}
    for item := range s.data {
        members = append(members, item)
    }
    return members
}

We can implement most Redis collection operations through the above code. Next, let's implement some advanced operations.

6. Calculate the intersection of two sets:

func Intersect(s1, s2 *set) *set {
    result := &set{
        data: make(map[interface{}]bool),
    }
    for item := range s1.data {
        if s2.Contains(item) {
            result.Add(item)
        }
    }
    return result
}

7. Calculate the union of two sets:

func Union(s1, s2 *set) *set {
    result := &set{
        data: make(map[interface{}]bool),
    }
    for item := range s1.data {
        result.Add(item)
    }
    for item := range s2.data {
        result.Add(item)
    }
    return result
}

8. Calculate the difference between two sets:

func Difference(s1, s2 *set) *set {
    result := &set{
        data: make(map[interface{}]bool),
    }
    for item := range s1.data {
        if !s2.Contains(item) {
            result.Add(item)
        }
    }
    return result
}

At this point, we have completed the Golang implementation of all basic operations and advanced operations of Redis collections.

3. Test code

Finally, let’s write some test code to verify whether the Golang collection we implemented is correct.

func TestSet(t *testing.T) {
    s := &set{
        data: make(map[interface{}]bool),
    }

    // 添加元素
    s.Add(1)
    s.Add("hello")
    s.Add(3.14)

    // 判断元素是否存在
    if !s.Contains(1) || !s.Contains("hello") || !s.Contains(3.14) {
        t.Error("set Add or Contains error")
    }

    // 计算元素个数
    if s.Size() != 3 {
        t.Error("set Size error")
    }

    // 删除元素
    s.Remove(1)
    if s.Contains(1) {
        t.Error("set Remove error")
    }

    // 计算交集
    s1 := &set{data: map[interface{}]bool{1: true, 2: true}}
    s2 := &set{data: map[interface{}]bool{2: true, 3: true}}
    s3 := Intersect(s1, s2)
    if s3.Size() != 1 || !s3.Contains(2) {
        t.Error("Intersect error")
    }

    // 计算并集
    s4 := Union(s1, s2)
    if s4.Size() != 3 || !s4.Contains(1) || !s4.Contains(2) || !s4.Contains(3) {
        t.Error("Union error")
    }

    // 计算差集
    s5 := Difference(s1, s2)
    if s5.Size() != 1 || !s5.Contains(1) {
        t.Error("Difference error")
    }

    // 返回所有元素
    m := s.Members()
    if len(m) != 2 {
        t.Error("Members error")
    }
}

The above code runs successfully, indicating that the Golang collection we implemented is in line with the characteristics and operations of the Redis collection.

4. Summary

This article introduces the characteristics and commands of Redis collections, uses Golang to implement a collection data structure, and verifies its correctness through some test codes. In practical applications, the collection implemented by Golang can be used in scenarios such as local caching and distributed caching. It has the advantages of high efficiency, security, and easy maintenance, and can flexibly expand more operations and functions. If you are using Golang to develop a distributed system, you can try to use Golang to implement Redis collection to improve the performance and stability of the system.

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