oracle installation steps

Oracle database is one of the most commonly used relational databases in the industry. Its stability, reliability and security are highly praised by industry insiders. So, today we will learn about the installation steps of Oracle database.

First, we need to confirm whether the local environment meets the installation requirements of the Oracle database. Oracle database installation requirements are relatively high and require certain hardware configurations (memory, disk, CPU, etc.) to ensure the performance and stability of the database. If you plan to install Oracle database on a personal computer, it is recommended to use at least 16GB of memory and 500GB of disk space.

The first step is to download the Oracle database installation package.

Oracle’s official website provides the latest version of the Oracle database installation package for download. Users can choose the version that suits them and the corresponding operating system according to their needs. After downloading, extract it to the target path.

The second step is to create Oracle users and groups.

Oracle database requires a special system user to manage the database service as well as the Oracle software itself. This user is usually called "oracle" or "orainstall". Before installing the Oracle database, we need to manually create the "user" group and "oracle" user in the operating system, and then add the "oracle" user to the "user" group.

The method is as follows:

groupadd dba
groupadd oinstall
useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

Here we create two groups "dba" and "oinstall", and add the "oracle" user to the "oinstall" group.

The third step is to modify the kernel parameters.

Oracle uses a technology called shared memory (shared memory) to manage database memory and communication between processes. Before installing the Oracle database we need to check and modify the kernel parameters. According to the requirements of Oracle's official documentation, the following are some commonly used settings. You need to use the root user to execute the following command:

vi /etc/sysctl.conf

Add the following content at the end of the file:

kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
fs.file-max = 65536
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 1048576
net.core.rmem_max = 1048576
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 262144

The above kernel modifications will take effect:

/sbin/sysctl -p

The fourth step is to set the oracle user environment variables .

Log in as Oracle user:

su - oracle

Create a file named ".bash_profile" in the user's home directory, and then add the following content to the end of the file:

# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR

ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM

PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH

LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

Run the following command to make the environment variables take effect:

source .bash_profile

The fifth step is to run the Oracle installation program.

Enter the Oracle download package decompression directory:

cd /home/oracle/database

Decompress the installation package:

unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

After decompression, you will get a directory named "database", in which there is a An executable named "runInstaller". Run the following command to start the installation program:

./runInstaller

After entering the installation interface, click "Next" and read the license terms. You will then be prompted to enter the ORACLE_HOME directory, Oracle Universal Identifier (Oracle Universal Identifier), and the name of the Oracle software. and version number and the password of the Oracle administrator account, etc. Next, continue to click "Next", wait for the installer to complete the detection according to the countdown, and answer any questions that may arise.

The sixth step is to configure Oracle.

After the installation is complete, run the following script file to set up the user environment:

cd $ORACLE_HOME
./bin/oracle_env.sh

Then, you need to execute the following script file to run the Database Configuration Assistant (DBCA):

dbca

The The tool will guide you through the configuration and creation of the Oracle database.

Finally, we need to start the Oracle service automatically:

chkconfig oracle on

At this point, the installation steps of the Oracle database have come to an end. Hope it helps readers in need.

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