linux settings mysql

In recent years, Linux operating system has become more and more popular. As a powerful open source relational database management system, MySQL is also a widely used database. It is inevitable to install and configure MySQL on a server running a Linux system. The following will introduce how to set up MySQL in a Linux system.

1. Install MySQL

There are two ways to install MySQL in the Linux system: one is to install it from the package manager of the operating system; the other is to install it from the official website Download and install MySQL.

1.1 Install from the package manager

First, enter the following command in the terminal to update the package:

sudo apt-get update

Next , enter the following command to install MySQL:

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

During the installation process, you will be prompted to enter the MySQL root user password. Please note that this password is the highest authority for accessing the MySQL database, equivalent to administrator authority, so please be sure to remember it.

After the installation is complete, you can check whether MySQL has been installed correctly by running the following command:

sudo systemctl status mysql

1.2 Download and install from the official website

Download the MySQL installation package from the official website, and then extract it to the target directory.

tar -zxvf mysql-5.7.22-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

After decompression is completed, MySQL needs to be initialized. Enter the following command on the command line:

bin/mysqld --initialize

After initialization is completed, you can start the MySQL server through the following command:

bin/mysqld_safe -- user=mysql &

2. Configure MySQL

2.1 Modify the MySQL default port number

On Linux, after MySQL is installed, it will use port 3306 by default. In order to increase security, the MySQL port number should be changed to another port. The following are the specific steps:

Step 1: Edit the MySQL configuration file. Enter the following command in the terminal:

sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

Step 2: Find the following content in the file:

[mysqld]
...
port = 3306
...

Change 3306 to another port number, for example: 8888.

[mysqld]
...
port = 8888
...

Step 3: Save and exit the file:

:wq

Step 4: Restart MySQL:

sudo service mysql restart

2.2 Create a remote access user

By default, MySQL only allows local access , if you want to allow remote access, you need to create a remote access user on the MySQL server.

Step 1: Log in to the MySQL server as the root user:

mysql -u root -p

Step 2: Create the necessary users and access permissions:

CREATE USER 'username'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'password';
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON . TO 'username'@'%' WITH GRANT OPTION;

Among them, username is the user name you specify, % means that all IP addresses can be accessed, and password is the password you specify for the user.

Step 3: Refresh permissions:

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

2.3 Configure MySQL remote access

If you want to remotely access the MySQL server from another machine , some configuration is also required.

Step one: Edit the MySQL configuration file. Enter the following command in the terminal:

sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

Step 2: Find the following content:

[ mysqld]
...
bind-address = 127.0.0.1
...

Change 127.0.0.1 to the IP address of this machine.

[mysqld]
...
bind-address = 192.168.1.1
...

Step 3: Save and exit the file:

:wq

Step 4: Restart MySQL:

sudo service mysql restart

3. Summary

Setting up MySQL in Linux system is relatively easy It's relatively simple. Through the above steps, we can complete the installation and configuration of MySQL, and make MySQL run normally in the Linux system. At the same time, we can also freely set the port number of MySQL and increase the access security of MySQL. In particular, it allows remote access and settings to access MySQL from other machines, making it more convenient and convenient to use MySQL.

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