JDK+JDBC+MySQL实例及注意事项_MySQL
by qx.zhong
Hangzhou 29 Jun 2014
开发环境
OS: Win8.1 x64
JDK: 1.8 SE
DB: MySQL 5.5
Lib: mysql-connector-java.jar
1. MySQL数据库数据类型与JDK之间的特殊对应关系
下表只列举几个特殊的值类型对照,其余的又需要可以参考MySQL官网的值类型说明(http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/zh/index.html)以及JDK的相关资料。
MySQL | JDK |
tinyint(1) | boolean |
int unsigined | long |
datetime | java.sql.Timestamp |
varchar | String |
在MySQL中,TINYINT(1)是BOOL, BOOLEAN的同义词带符号的范围是-128到127。无符号的范围是0到255。BOOLEAN非zero为真,zero为假。
INT UNSIGINED值的范围超出了JDK的int类型(JDK中的整形类型都是带符号的)的最大取值范围,所以需要用long装载。
2. 采用JDK的反射机制将JDBC ResultSet的自动加载到Bean类
首先要确保MySQL中的列名和JavaBean类的属性名是一一对应的,然后就可以使用反射机制调用setter对Bean进行赋值,关键代码:
/** *Using reflection to storage the result from database into Bean class. * */ public static List<object> resultSetToList(ResultSet rs, Class> cls) { Method[] methods = cls.getDeclaredMethods(); int methodLength = methods.length; int index; Map<string integer> map = new HashMap<string integer>(); // record all methods name in a HashMap, for quickly locate. for (index = 0; index list = new ArrayList<object>(); try { meta = rs.getMetaData(); int colCount = meta.getColumnCount(); while (rs.next()) { obj = cls.newInstance(); for (int i = 1; i <p></p> <p><strong>3. 其他说明</strong></p> <p>数据库的连接于释放是JDBC中最耗费时间及系统开销的,因此推荐采用数据库连接池处理。一个池设置最小连接数和最大连接数。</p> <p>最小连接数是连接池启动时默认的初始化建立的连接,建多了会影响代码的启动时间,建立少了会出现不够用的现象(虽然实际运行中,连接池检测到需求数量大于最小连接数时,会自动新增连接)。</p> <p>故连接池的最小连接数是需要根据项目实际情况斟酌的。</p> <p><strong>4. 示例项目</strong></p> <p>4.1 数据库表设计</p> <p>1)设计一个cake表,详情如下:</p> <pre class="brush:php;toolbar:false">mysql> describe cake;+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| Field| Type| Null | Key | Default | Extra |+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+| name | varchar(20) | NO | PRI | NULL| || serialNumber | int(10) unsigned| YES| | NULL| || buildDate| datetime| YES| | NULL| || isSweet| tinyint(1) unsigned | YES| | NULL| |+--------------+---------------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2)初始化的数据:
mysql> select * from cake;+--------+--------------+---------------------+---------+| name | serialNumber | buildDate | isSweet |+--------+--------------+---------------------+---------+| Danisa |2021344 | 2013-11-19 10:20:00 | 1 || Orion|2004720 | 2014-06-29 22:00:00 | 0 |+--------+--------------+---------------------+---------+
4.2 Bean类设计
1)Cake类的属性:
private String name; private long serialNumber; private Timestamp buildDate; private boolean isSweet;
2)Bean中特殊值类型变量的Setter的设计细节:
JDK整形类型的setter参数需用java.lang中的类,如long对应java.lang.Long, int对应java.lang.Integer。
这样的动机是,可以使Bean的属性符合2中叙述的resultSetToList的形参Class> cls。
本例中,ResultSet取出的MySql的int unsigned,会自动在内存中转化为Long类型,故setter需要使用Long;
public void setSerialNumber(Long /*long*/ serialNumber) { //Type was java.lang.Long but not 'long'.this. serialNumber = serialNumber; }
从MySql取出的tinyint(1)存为Boolean,故Bean类的setter形参是Boolean类型。
此外,属性isSweet在eclipse中自动生成的setter名为setSweet,在反射赋值时,就会出现找不到方法的异常,因为反射赋值搜索的方法是'setissweet',所以要把自动生成的setter改名。
public void /*setSweet*/setIsSweet( /*boolean*/Boolean isSweet) { // Type was java.lang.Boolean but not booleanthis. isSweet = isSweet; }

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