How to build a picture server with Nginx

效果图：

需求：实现图片的上传和批量上传

技术：nginx，vsftpd，spring，springmvc，kindeditor，centos

说明：本章节内容主要是实现图片的上传功能。使用 kindediter 是为了更好的演示图片的上传，回显，批量效果。后台代码与kindediter没有直接关系，放心阅读。另外源码中有mybatis的jar，不用理会，本章内容用不到，是为后续内容做准备！

源码：见文章底部

场景：用户将图片上传到 tomcat 服务器上，再由 tomcat 服务器通过ftp上传到 nginx 服务器上。

项目结构：

单元测试

首先要攻破核心技术。通过单元测试实现图片上传的功能。

package com.itdragon.test;

import java.io.file;
import java.io.fileinputstream;

import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.ftp;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.ftpclient;
import org.junit.test;

public class pictureftptest {

  // 测试 ftp 上传图片功能
  @test
  public void testftpclient() throws exception {
    // 1. 创建一个ftpclient对象
    ftpclient ftpclient = new ftpclient();
    // 2. 创建 ftp 连接
    ftpclient.connect("192.168.0.11", 21);
    // 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
    ftpclient.login("ftpuser", "root");
    // 4. 读取本地文件
    fileinputstream inputstream = new fileinputstream(new file("f:\\hello.png"));
    // 5. 设置上传的路径
    ftpclient.changeworkingdirectory("/usr/local/nginx/html/images");
    // 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
    ftpclient.setfiletype(ftp.binary_file_type);
    // 7. 服务器存储文件，第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名，第二个参数是文件流
    ftpclient.storefile("hello.jpg", inputstream);
    // 8. 关闭连接
    ftpclient.logout();
    
  }
  
}

说明：这里的ip地址，端口，ftp用户名，密码，本地文件路径，以及nginx服务器图片路径等，这些字符串参数都要根据自己实际设置的来填写的。如果你的nginx和vsftpd安装是按照我提供的链接来做的。那你只需要改ip地址即可。

maven 的web 项目

搭建maven的web 项目，之前有写过。这里就不过多描述。

项目核心配置文件

首先是 maven 的核心文件 pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://maven.apache.org/pom/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
  <modelversion>4.0.0</modelversion>
  <groupid>com.itdragon.upload</groupid>
  <artifactid>pictrue-service</artifactid>
  <version>0.0.1-snapshot</version>
  <packaging>war</packaging>

  <!-- 集中定义依赖版本号 -->
  <properties>
    <junit.version>4.12</junit.version>
    <spring.version>4.1.3.release</spring.version>
    <mybatis.version>3.2.8</mybatis.version>
    <mybatis.spring.version>1.2.2</mybatis.spring.version>
    <mybatis.paginator.version>1.2.15</mybatis.paginator.version>
    <mysql.version>5.1.6</mysql.version>
    <slf4j.version>1.6.4</slf4j.version>
    <jackson.version>2.4.2</jackson.version>
    <druid.version>1.0.9</druid.version>
    <httpclient.version>4.3.5</httpclient.version>
    <jstl.version>1.2</jstl.version>
    <servlet-api.version>2.5</servlet-api.version>
    <jsp-api.version>2.0</jsp-api.version>
    <joda-time.version>2.5</joda-time.version>
    <commons-lang3.version>3.3.2</commons-lang3.version>
    <commons-io.version>1.3.2</commons-io.version>
    <commons-net.version>3.3</commons-net.version>
    <pagehelper.version>3.4.2</pagehelper.version>
    <jsqlparser.version>0.9.1</jsqlparser.version>
    <commons-fileupload.version>1.3.1</commons-fileupload.version>
    <jedis.version>2.7.2</jedis.version>
    <solrj.version>4.10.3</solrj.version>
  </properties>
  <dependencies>
    <!-- 时间操作组件 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>joda-time</groupid>
      <artifactid>joda-time</artifactid>
      <version>${joda-time.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- apache工具组件 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-lang3</artifactid>
      <version>${commons-lang3.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.commons</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-io</artifactid>
      <version>${commons-io.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-net</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-net</artifactid>
      <version>${commons-net.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jackson json处理工具包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupid>
      <artifactid>jackson-databind</artifactid>
      <version>${jackson.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- httpclient -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.httpcomponents</groupid>
      <artifactid>httpclient</artifactid>
      <version>${httpclient.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 单元测试 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>junit</groupid>
      <artifactid>junit</artifactid>
      <version>${junit.version}</version>
      <scope>test</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 日志处理 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.slf4j</groupid>
      <artifactid>slf4j-log4j12</artifactid>
      <version>${slf4j.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mybatis -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.mybatis</groupid>
      <artifactid>mybatis</artifactid>
      <version>${mybatis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.mybatis</groupid>
      <artifactid>mybatis-spring</artifactid>
      <version>${mybatis.spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>com.github.miemiedev</groupid>
      <artifactid>mybatis-paginator</artifactid>
      <version>${mybatis.paginator.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>com.github.pagehelper</groupid>
      <artifactid>pagehelper</artifactid>
      <version>${pagehelper.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- mysql -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>mysql</groupid>
      <artifactid>mysql-connector-java</artifactid>
      <version>${mysql.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 连接池 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>com.alibaba</groupid>
      <artifactid>druid</artifactid>
      <version>${druid.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- spring -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-context</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-beans</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-webmvc</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-jdbc</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.springframework</groupid>
      <artifactid>spring-aspects</artifactid>
      <version>${spring.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jsp相关 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>jstl</groupid>
      <artifactid>jstl</artifactid>
      <version>${jstl.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid>
      <artifactid>servlet-api</artifactid>
      <version>${servlet-api.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
      <groupid>javax.servlet</groupid>
      <artifactid>jsp-api</artifactid>
      <version>${jsp-api.version}</version>
      <scope>provided</scope>
    </dependency>
    <!-- 文件上传组件 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>commons-fileupload</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-fileupload</artifactid>
      <version>${commons-fileupload.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- redis客户端 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>redis.clients</groupid>
      <artifactid>jedis</artifactid>
      <version>${jedis.version}</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- solr客户端 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupid>org.apache.solr</groupid>
      <artifactid>solr-solrj</artifactid>
      <version>${solrj.version}</version>
    </dependency>
  </dependencies>

  <build>
    <finalname>${project.artifactid}</finalname>
    <plugins>
      <!-- 资源文件拷贝插件 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupid>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupid>
        <artifactid>maven-resources-plugin</artifactid>
        <version>2.7</version>
        <configuration>
          <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
      <!-- java编译插件 -->
      <plugin>
        <groupid>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupid>
        <artifactid>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactid>
        <version>3.2</version>
        <configuration>
          <source>1.7</source>
          <target>1.7</target>
          <encoding>utf-8</encoding>
        </configuration>
      </plugin>
    </plugins>
    <pluginmanagement>
      <plugins>
        <!-- 配置tomcat插件 -->
        <plugin>
          <groupid>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupid>
          <artifactid>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactid>
          <version>2.2</version>
        </plugin>
      </plugins>
    </pluginmanagement>
  </build>
</project>

说明：和文件上传有直接关系的是：

<dependency>
      <groupid>commons-fileupload</groupid>
      <artifactid>commons-fileupload</artifactid>
    </dependency>

然后是 web 项目的核心文件 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance"
  xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
  xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
  id="taotao" version="2.5">
  <display-name>pictrue-service</display-name>
  <!-- 加载spring容器 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath:spring/applicationcontext-*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener</listener-class>
  </listener>
  <!-- 解决post乱码 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>characterencodingfilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.characterencodingfilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>encoding</param-name>
      <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>characterencodingfilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
  <!-- springmvc的前端控制器 -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>pictrue-service</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:spring/springmvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>pictrue-service</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

再是 springmvc 配置文件 springmvc.xml，需要添加文件上传解析器

<!-- 定义文件上传解析器 -->
  <bean id="multipartresolver"
    class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.commonsmultipartresolver">
    <!-- 设定默认编码 -->
    <property name="defaultencoding" value="utf-8"></property>
    <!-- 设定文件上传的最大值5mb，5*1024*1024 -->
    <property name="maxuploadsize" value="5242880"></property>
  </bean>

最后是 ftp 配置文件 resource.properties

ftp_address=192.168.0.11
ftp_port=21
ftp_username=ftpuser
ftp_password=root
ftp_base_path=/usr/local/nginx/html/images
image_base_url=http://192.168.0.11/images

service 层

上传图片的接口 pictureservice.java

package com.itdragon.service;
import java.util.map;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.multipartfile;
public interface pictureservice {

  /**
   * 上传，批量上传接口
   * @param uploadfile
   * @return
   */
  map uploadpicture(multipartfile uploadfile);
}

上传图片接口实现类 pictureserviceimpl.java

package com.itdragon.service.impl;

import java.io.ioexception;
import java.io.inputstream;
import java.util.hashmap;
import java.util.map;

import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.ftp;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.ftpclient;
import org.apache.commons.net.ftp.ftpreply;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.service;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.multipartfile;

import com.itdragon.service.pictureservice;

@service
@suppresswarnings({"rawtypes", "unchecked"})
public class pictureserviceimpl implements pictureservice {
  
  // 通过 spring4 的 value注解，获取配置文件中的属性值
  @value("${ftp_address}")
  private string ftp_address;   // ftp 服务器ip地址
  @value("${ftp_port}")
  private integer ftp_port;    // ftp 服务器port，默认是21
  @value("${ftp_username}")
  private string ftp_username;  // ftp 服务器用户名
  @value("${ftp_password}")
  private string ftp_password;  // ftp 服务器密码
  @value("${ftp_base_path}")
  private string ftp_base_path;  // ftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
  @value("${image_base_url}")
  private string image_base_url; // ftp 服务器外网访问图片路径

  @override
  public map uploadpicture(multipartfile uploadfile) {
    map resultmap = new hashmap<>();
    try {
      // 1. 取原始文件名
      string oldname = uploadfile.getoriginalfilename();
      
      // 2. ftp 服务器的文件名
      string newname = oldname;
      //图片上传
      boolean result = uploadfile(ftp_address, ftp_port, ftp_username, ftp_password, 
          uploadfile.getinputstream(), ftp_base_path, newname);
      //返回结果
      if(!result) {
        resultmap.put("error", 1);
        resultmap.put("message", "upload fail");
        return resultmap;
      }
      resultmap.put("error", 0);
      resultmap.put("url", image_base_url + "/" + newname);
      return resultmap;
      
    } catch (exception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
      resultmap.put("error", 1);
      resultmap.put("message", "upload fail");
      return resultmap;
    }
  }
  
  /**
   * ftp 上传图片方法
   * @param ip      ftp 服务器ip地址
   * @param port     ftp 服务器port，默认是21
   * @param account    ftp 服务器用户名
   * @param passwd    ftp 服务器密码
   * @param inputstream  文件流
   * @param workingdir  ftp 服务器存储图片的绝对路径
   * @param filename   上传到ftp 服务器文件名
   * @throws exception
   * 
   */
  public boolean uploadfile(string ip, integer port, string account, string passwd,
      inputstream inputstream, string workingdir, string filename) throws exception{
    boolean result = false;
    // 1. 创建一个ftpclient对象
    ftpclient ftpclient = new ftpclient();
    try {
      // 2. 创建 ftp 连接
      ftpclient.connect(ip, port);
      // 3. 登录 ftp 服务器
      ftpclient.login(account, passwd);
      int reply = ftpclient.getreplycode(); // 获取连接ftp 状态返回值
      system.out.println("code : " + reply);
      if (!ftpreply.ispositivecompletion(reply)) {
        ftpclient.disconnect(); // 如果返回状态不再 200 ~ 300 则认为连接失败
        return result;
      }
      // 4. 读取本地文件
//     fileinputstream inputstream = new fileinputstream(new file("f:\\hello.png"));
      // 5. 设置上传的路径
      ftpclient.changeworkingdirectory(workingdir);
      // 6. 修改上传文件的格式为二进制
      ftpclient.setfiletype(ftp.binary_file_type);
      // 7. 服务器存储文件，第一个参数是存储在服务器的文件名，第二个参数是文件流
      if (!ftpclient.storefile(filename, inputstream)) {
        return result;
      }
      // 8. 关闭连接
      inputstream.close();
      ftpclient.logout();
      result = true;
    } catch (exception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    }finally {
      // fixme 听说，项目里面最好少用try catch 捕获异常，这样会导致spring的事务回滚出问题？？？难道之前写的代码都是假代码！！！
      if (ftpclient.isconnected()) {
        try {
          ftpclient.disconnect();
        } catch (ioexception ioe) {
        }
      }
    }
    return result;
  }

}

说明：

① @value 注解是spring4 中提供的，@value("${xxx}")

② 返回值是一个map，并且key有error，url，message。这是根据kindediter的语法要求来的。

controller 层

负责页面跳转的 pagecontroller.java

package com.itdragon.controller;

import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.pathvariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;

@controller
public class pagecontroller {

  /**
   * 打开首页
   */
  @requestmapping("/")
  public string showindex() {
    return "index";
  }
  
  @requestmapping("/{page}")
  public string showpage(@pathvariable string page) {
    system.out.println("page : " + page);
    return page;
  }
}

负责图片上传的 picturecontroller.java

package com.itdragon.controller;

import java.util.map;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.autowired;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestparam;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.restcontroller;
import org.springframework.web.multipart.multipartfile;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.core.jsonprocessingexception;
import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.objectmapper;
import com.itdragon.service.pictureservice;

@restcontroller
public class picturecontroller {

  @autowired
  private pictureservice pictureservice;
  
  @requestmapping("pic/upload")
  public string pictureupload(@requestparam(value = "fileupload") multipartfile uploadfile) {
    string json = "";
    try {
      map result = pictureservice.uploadpicture(uploadfile);
      // 浏览器擅长处理json格式的字符串，为了减少因为浏览器内核不同导致的bug，建议用json
      json = new objectmapper().writevalueasstring(result);
    } catch (jsonprocessingexception e) {
      e.printstacktrace();
    }
    return json;
  }
}

说明：

① @restcontroller 也是spring4 提供的，是 @controller + @responsebody 的组合注解。

② controller层的返回值是一个json格式的字符串。是考虑到浏览器对json解析兼容性比较好。

views视图层

负责上传图片的jsp页面 pic-upload.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; utf-8" pageencoding="utf-8"%>
<!doctype html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<title>itdragon 图片上传</title>
</head>
  <link href="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/themes/default/default.css" rel="external nofollow" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet">
  <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.min.js"></script> 
  <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/kindeditor-all-min.js"></script>
  <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8" src="/js/kindeditor-4.1.10/lang/zh_cn.js"></script>
</head> 
<body> 
  <h3 id="测试上传图片功能接口的form表单">测试上传图片功能接口的form表单</h3>
  <form action="pic/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
    <input type="file" name="fileupload" />
    <input type="submit" value="上传文件" />
  </form>
  <hr />
  <h3 id="借用kindeditor富文本编辑器实现批量上传图片">借用kindeditor富文本编辑器实现批量上传图片</h3>
  <textarea id="kindeditordesc" style="width:800px;height:300px;visibility:hidden;"></textarea>
  <script type="text/javascript">
    $(function(){
      //初始化富文本编辑器
      kindeditor.create("#kindeditordesc", {
        // name值，必须和controller 的参数对应，不然会提示 400 的错误
        filepostname : "fileupload",
        // action值，
        uploadjson : &#39;/pic/upload&#39;,
        // 设置上传类型，分别为image、flash、media、file
        dir : "image"
      });
    });
  </script>  
</body>
</html>

说明：pic-upload.jsp 分为两个部分，第一个部分是为了测试上传图片功能的form表单。第二个部分是为了更好的体验上传，批量上传，回显功能的kindediter 富文本编辑器。

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