golang generate template method

Golang is a very popular programming language with simple syntax, high execution efficiency and strong readability. In Golang, generating templates is a common development requirement and can be used to generate various code or document templates to improve development efficiency. This article will introduce how to use Golang to generate template methods.

1. Template language

Golang’s template language uses a tag-like method to identify the parts of the template that need to be replaced. A tag usually contains two types, namely "{{" and "}}". Between these two tags, we can insert some values ​​or expressions that need to be replaced. For example: {{.}} represents the entire data structure itself, {{.FieldName}} represents the value of a field in the structure, {{range .List}}{{.}}{{end}} represents traversing a group data.

At the same time, in the template syntax, operations such as conditional judgment statements, loop statements, and function calls are also supported. The specific syntax is as follows:

1. Conditional judgment statement

{{if .Condition}}

<!-- Code block if the condition is true -->

{{else}}

<!-- Code block if the condition is false -->

{{end }}

For example:

{{if eq .Color "Red"}}

This is a red car

{{else}}

This is not a red car

{{end} }

2. Loop statement

{{range .List}}

<!-- Code block for each element in the list -->

{{end}}

For example:

{{range .List}}

This is a {{.Color}} {{.Brand}} car

{{end}}

3. Function call

{{FuncName .Parameter}}

For example:

{{dateformat .CreateTime "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"}}

2. Template file

In Golang, we can define the template file to achieve the purpose of template generation. Generally speaking, we can divide template files according to different functions or generate different files. We can also put all templates in the same file. In the template file, we can use the above template language to write the template.

For example, if we need to generate an HTML file, we can write a template file as follows:

<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>{{.Title}}</title>

<h1>{{.Heading}}</h1>
{{range .Articles}}
    <h2>{{.Title}}</h2>
    <p>{{.Content}}</p>
{{end}}

3. Template generation

In Golang, we can use the "text/template" package or the "html/template" package to generate templates. The main difference between the two is that "html/template" escapes the generated string to avoid XSS attacks.

Before using the "text/template" package or "html/template" package, we need to prepare the data model. Here we can use a structure to represent it. For example, the following is a structure used to represent articles:

type Article struct {

Title   string
Content string

}

We also need to define a structure to represent the data model of the page , as follows:

type PageData struct {

Title    string
Heading  string
Articles []Article

}

Then, we can use the "ParseFiles" function to parse the template file and return the processed template object:

t, err := template.ParseFiles("template.html")

Next, we can pass the data model to the processed template object to generate the final string:

err = t.Execute(os.Stdout, data)

The first parameter is the output location, which can be os.Stdout, bytes.Buffer, etc.; the second parameter is Data model.

If we want to generate a file, we can use "os.Create" to create a file and then pass it to the "t.Execute" function:

f, err := os.Create("output.html")
defer f.Close()
err = t.Execute(f, data)

In this way, a basic Golang template generation method is completed .

Conclusion

Golang’s template generation function is very powerful and can be used to generate various code or document templates. In practice, there are many other advanced features and techniques that can be applied to the template generation process, such as custom functions, template inheritance, dynamic template generation, etc. I hope this article can provide a basic starting direction for beginners.

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