golang unicode to Chinese

As a widely used programming language, Go language (golang) supports Unicode character encoding, so it also has good support when processing Chinese text. This article will explore how to use Go language to implement the function of converting unicode to Chinese.

1. Unicode encoding

Unicode is a standard encoding used to represent characters. It defines a unique encoding corresponding to each character. Unicode encoding supports the encoding and representation of all languages, symbols, punctuation and other characters in the world, including Chinese characters.

In Unicode, the encoding corresponding to each character usually starts with "U", followed by a four- or six-digit hexadecimal number code. For example, the Unicode encoding corresponding to the Chinese character "中" is U 4E2D.

2. Go language and Unicode

In Go language, each character corresponds to a rune type value. The rune type is essentially a 32-bit Unicode character encoding. You can use single quotes and the Unicode encoding of the character to create a rune type variable, for example:

var rune1 rune = '中'

At this time, the value of the rune1 variable is the Unicode encoding U 4E2D of the Chinese character "中". Another common way to create rune type variables is to use backslashes and the octal or hexadecimal encoding of the character, for example:

var rune2 rune = 'u4E2D' // 使用Unicode十六进制编码
var rune3 rune = '中' // 使用Unicode八进制编码

The rune2 and rune3 variables of the above code also represent the Chinese character "中"The corresponding Unicode encoding.

In addition, the Go language also provides some built-in functions for operating Unicode characters, such as:

• len() function: used to return the number of characters in a specified string (i.e. the number of Unicode characters).
• []rune() function: used to convert strings into rune type slices (i.e. Unicode character slices).

3. Convert Unicode to Chinese

The method to convert Unicode string to Chinese string in Go language is very simple. You only need to traverse each rune in the Unicode string. type value, and then convert it to Chinese characters. The following is a simple sample code:

package main

import (
    "fmt"
    "unicode/utf8"
)

func main() {
    str := "u4E2Du6587" // Unicode编码为中文"中文"
    runes := []rune(str)
    result := ""
    for i := 0; i < len(runes); {
        r := runes[i]
        if r < utf8.RuneSelf { // 若值小于RuneSelf，则该值就是字符的UTF-8编码
            result += string(r)
            i++
        } else {
            width := utf8.RuneLen(r) // 通过rune值获取该字符占多少个字节
            bytes := make([]byte, width)
            for j := 0; j < width; j++ {
                bytes[j] = byte(r)
                r = runes[i+j+1]
            }
            result += string(bytes)
            i += width
        }
    }
    fmt.Println(result) // 输出"中文"
}

In the above code, the Unicode-encoded string is first converted into a slice of rune type, and then the rune values ​​are traversed one by one. If the value is less than utf8.RuneSelf, the value is It is the UTF-8 encoding of the character, which can be directly converted into Chinese characters; otherwise, the number of bytes occupied by the character is obtained through the rune value, and then the byte array corresponding to the character is converted into Chinese characters. Finally, just splice all the Chinese characters together.

Summary

This article introduces how to use Go language to convert unicode to Chinese, and provides a simple sample code. In practical applications, in addition to manual conversion, you can also use third-party libraries to implement this function, such as using the UnescapeString() function provided by the github.com/mozillazg/go-unicode-transparency library to achieve decoding and conversion of Unicode strings.

Either way, the key is to understand the unicode and rune types of the Go language, as well as the encoding and conversion rules of Unicode characters. Mastering this knowledge, you can easily realize the function of converting Unicode to Chinese.

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