Complete docker configuration steps

Docker is an open source containerization platform designed to help users easily create, deploy and run applications. Today, we will introduce step by step how to install and configure Docker on a Linux system.

1. Installing Docker

In Linux systems, Docker can be installed through the following command:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install docker.io

This process may take some time to complete. Once completed, you can check whether Docker has been installed correctly:

docker --version

If the model and version of Docker are displayed, it means that Docker has been successfully installed and can be used.

2. Set Docker user group

In order to run Docker commands without using the root user, we need to add the current user to the Docker user group. Add the user to the Docker user group using the following command:

sudo usermod -aG docker ${USER}

Next, log in again to apply the group changes. You can confirm that the changes have taken effect with the following command:

docker run hello-world

If the correct output is displayed, you have successfully changed the group and are ready to use Docker.

3. Configuring the Docker proxy service

If you need to use a proxy server to connect to the Internet under a certain network, you need to configure the Docker proxy service to allow Docker to use the proxy server.

Create the HTTP proxy configuration file docker-http-proxy.conf in the /etc/systemd/system/docker.service.d/ directory in the system, which contains the following content:

[Service]
Environment="HTTP_PROXY=http://proxy.example.com:80/"

If you require an HTTPS proxy as well, you can create a file called docker-https-proxy.conf with the following content:

[Service]
Environment="HTTPS_PROXY=https://proxy.example.com:443/"

When you have completed your changes, restart the Docker service to apply the changes immediately:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl restart docker

4. Configuring the Docker storage driver

You can use the Docker storage driver to specify where Docker stores image and container data. By default, Docker will store this data in the /var/lib/docker directory. If you want to save this data elsewhere, you need to configure the Docker storage driver.

Add the following content to the /etc/docker/daemon.json file:

{
  "data-root": "/new/docker/root"
}

Where /new/docker/root represents the new storage location you want Docker to use. When you have completed the changes, restart the Docker service to apply the changes immediately.

5. Configuring the Docker logging driver

You can use the Docker logging driver to determine how Docker logs. By default, Docker uses the json-file logging driver to log all output from the container.

You can add the following content in the /etc/docker/daemon.json file:

{
  "log-driver": "syslog",
  "log-opts": {
    "syslog-address": "tcp://10.1.1.12:514",
    "syslog-facility": "local6",
    "tag": "{{.Name}}"
  }
}

In this example, we specify the syslog log driver and send the logs to the IP address TCP port 514 for 10.1.1.12. Logs will be assigned to the local6 logging facility and use the container name as the log label.

When you have completed the changes, restart the Docker service to apply the changes immediately.

6. Configure Docker Network

You can use Docker Network to set up communication between containers and manage the IP addresses of containers. By default, Docker uses bridge networking and assigns each container a random IP address.

To create a new Docker network, use the following command:

docker network create my_network

This will create the my_network network. To add a container to this network, use the following command:

docker run --name container_name --network my_network image_name

where container_name is the name of the container and image_name is the name of the image used by the container.

7. Configuring Docker security

Docker is a powerful and flexible tool, but it can also lead to security vulnerabilities. To improve Docker security, you can take the following steps:

• Only use Docker in a secure environment.
• Restrict the access permissions of Docker daemon.
• Authenticate the Docker daemon.
• Use rolling updates to keep Docker images and containers secure.
• Write a correct Dockerfile to avoid security vulnerabilities.

Summary

In this article, we introduced how to install and configure Docker, including setting up Docker user groups, configuring Docker proxy services, configuring Docker storage drivers, and configuring Docker Logging driver, configuring Docker networking and Docker security. These steps can help you manage and run Docker containers more easily and help improve Docker security.

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