Oracle is a relational database management system that is widely used in enterprise-level application development and data management. Oracle configuration is one of the skills that database administrators must master. A good configuration can improve system performance and data security. This article will introduce the basic knowledge and steps of Oracle configuration.
First, you need to download the Oracle software from the official website and install it according to the prompts. During the installation process, you can choose to install the Oracle Database software and Oracle Database sample database. Oracle Database software contains core database components, and the Oracle Database sample database is a configured sample database that can help beginners become familiar with Oracle operations.
After the installation is complete, you need to create a new database. In Oracle, you can create a database using the graphical interface or the command line. The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Open Oracle Enterprise Manager on the computer and select Database Control.
(2) Click Create to enter the database creation page and enter the database name and password.
(3) Select the character set, language and time zone of the database.
(4) Select the storage location and allocated space of the database.
(5) Set the management permissions and security options of the database.
(6) After the creation is completed, you can see the newly created database in the list.
The listener is the communication bridge between the Oracle database and the client. When the client connects to the Oracle database, it first needs to obtain the address and port number of the database through the listener. Therefore, the configuration of the listener has a great impact on the performance and stability of the system.
In Oracle, you can configure the listener through the following steps:
(1) Use the command line to open the listener management tool.
(2) Create a listener and set the address and port number of the listener.
(3) Specify the database instance to be monitored.
(4) Save and start the listener.
Oracle database has many parameters that can be configured, including cache size, maximum number of connections, number of concurrent processes, etc. Oracle's performance and resource usage can be adjusted by configuring parameter files. Oracle's parameter file includes an initialization parameter file and a typical SQLNET.ora file. Beginners can use the default values.
Backup and recovery can help database administrators quickly recover data and ensure that data will not be accidentally deleted or damaged. In Oracle, you can use the RMAN (Recovery Manager) tool for backup and recovery.
The specific steps are as follows:
(1) Connect to the Oracle database server.
(2) Create backup settings and specify the storage location of the backup file.
(3) Perform backup operation.
(4) When data needs to be restored, use the RMAN tool to restore the backup data to the original database.
Data security is an important aspect of Oracle database configuration. In Oracle, you can use the following measures to protect data security:
(1) Create a strong password policy.
(2) Assign user permissions and roles.
(3) Enable database auditing.
(4) Use encryption technology to encrypt data.
(5) Use SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) and TLS (Transport Layer Security) in network communications to protect data transmission.
Summary
Oracle is a powerful database management system. To configure Oracle, you need to start with installing software, creating a database, configuring listeners, parameter files, backup and recovery, and security. A good Oracle configuration can improve database performance and ensure data security.
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