golang structure method

Golang is a fast, simple and open programming language that, like other languages, supports object-oriented programming. Object-oriented programming in Golang is mainly implemented through structures, and the structure method is a special function defined for the structure type. This article will introduce relevant knowledge about structure methods in Golang.

1. What is a structure method?

Structure methods are member functions of the structure type, used to operate on the structure type, similar to member functions in other object-oriented programming languages. There are usually two types of structure methods, one is a value receiver and the other is a pointer receiver. A value receiver operates on a copy of the value, while a pointer receiver operates directly on the original object.

2. Definition of methods

Methods can be defined on any custom type, but a common situation is to define them in a structure type. The definition format of the method is as follows:

func (s 结构体类型) 方法名() 返回值类型 {
    // 方法实现代码
}

It can be seen that in the definition of the method, there is a special receiver parameter in front of the function name, which is used to indicate the type of structure that the method will operate on. The receiver parameter can be of value or pointer type.

3. Value receiver and pointer receiver

1. Value receiver

The value receiver is used in methods that need to maintain the integrity of the original value. when. In a value receiver's method, if any of the receiver's values ​​are modified, those changes occur only on the method's copy, leaving the original value unchanged.

The value receiver is defined as:

func (s 结构体类型) 方法名() {

}

2. Pointer receiver

The pointer receiver is suitable for modifying the receiver's value in the method. A pointer receiver passes the receiver a pointer to a method so that the method can modify the original value pointed to by the receiver within the method.

The pointer receiver is defined as:

func (s *结构体类型) 方法名() {

}

IV. Method Calling

The method of calling methods is similar to the member functions in other programming languages. There are two main types: One way:

1. Object.Method()

When calling a method in this way, Golang will automatically convert the object into a pointer to the value.

For example, suppose that the SayHello method is defined with the Person structure type as the receiver. Now I have an object named Tom, and the method is called as follows:

Tom.SayHello()

2. ( &Object).Method()

When calling a method in this way, Golang will convert the object into a pointer to the object and pass it to the method.

For example, using the SayHello method with the Person structure type as the receiver, and now I have an object named Jerry, the method of calling the method is as follows:

(&Jerry).SayHello()

5. Function overloading of the method

In Golang, methods cannot be overloaded. In other words, in a structure, there cannot be two methods with the same name but different parameters. If you need to implement similar functions, you can consider using interfaces.

6. Summary

This article mainly introduces the relevant knowledge of structure methods in Golang, including the definition of methods, value receivers and pointer receivers, method calls, and method function overrides. load. A structure method is a special function defined for a structure type. By learning and mastering the structure method, the readability, maintainability and reusability of the program can be made better, and the development efficiency of programmers can also be improved.

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