golang string conversion

In the Go language, string is a very important data type. A string in Go is an immutable sequence of zero or more bytes. In practical applications, we often need to convert and process strings. This article will introduce commonly used string conversion related operations in Go language.

1. Conversion of strings and byte slices

Strings and byte slices in Go language are two commonly used data types, and conversion between them is a very common operation. .

Convert a string into a byte slice: Use the Go language's built-in []byte function to convert a string into a byte slice.

str := "Hello World"
byteSlice := []byte(str)

Convert byte slices to strings: Use the Go language’s built-in string function to convert byte slices to strings.

byteSlice := []byte{'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ', 'W', 'o', 'r', 'l', 'd'}
str := string(byteSlice)

In practical applications, the conversion of strings and byte slices is often used for network communication, file reading and writing, etc.

2. Conversion of string and numerical types

In practical applications, we may need to convert strings to numerical types, or convert numerical types to strings.

1. Convert a string to a numeric type

The Go language provides a variety of methods to convert a string to a numeric type.

Use the Atoi function in the strconv package to convert the string to the int type.

str := "123"
n, err := strconv.Atoi(str)
if err != nil {
    //转换失败
}

Use the ParseInt function in the strconv package to convert a string into an integer in any base.

str := "101011"
n, err := strconv.ParseInt(str, 2, 64)
if err != nil {
    //转换失败
}

Use the ParseFloat function in the strconv package to convert a string to a floating point number. The second parameter specifies the number of digits of the floating point number, and the third parameter specifies the precision of the floating point number.

str := "3.14"
f, err := strconv.ParseFloat(str, 64)
if err != nil {
    //转换失败
}

2. Convert numeric type to string

Use the Itoa function in the strconv package to convert int Convert type to string.

n := 123
str := strconv.Itoa(n)

Use the FormatInt function in the strconv package to convert an integer into an arbitrary string.

n := int64(42)
str := strconv.FormatInt(n, 16)

3. String splitting and splicing

In practical applications, we often need to split a string according to the specified delimiter, or splice multiple strings into one String.

1. Split the string according to the specified delimiter

Use the Split function in the strings package to split the string Split according to the specified delimiter and return a string slice.

str := "a,b,c,d"
strSlice := strings.Split(str, ",")
fmt.Println(strSlice) //["a", "b", "c", "d"]

2. Concatenate multiple strings into one string

Use the operator to concatenate multiple strings into one string, or Use the Join function in the strings package to join string slices into a string.

str1 := "hello"
str2 := "world"
str3 := str1 + " " + str2
fmt.Println(str3) //"hello world"

strSlice := []string{"a", "b", "c", "d"}
str := strings.Join(strSlice, "-")
fmt.Println(str) //"a-b-c-d"

4. Case conversion of strings

In practical applications, we often need to convert the case of strings.

1. Convert a string to uppercase

Use the ToUpper function in the strings package to convert a string to uppercase.

str := "Hello World"
str = strings.ToUpper(str)
fmt.Println(str) //"HELLO WORLD"

2. Convert the string to lowercase

Use the ToLower function in the strings package to convert the string to lowercase .

str := "Hello World"
str = strings.ToLower(str)
fmt.Println(str) //"hello world"

5. String interception

In practical applications, we often need to intercept specified substrings from strings.

Use the Substring function in the strings package to intercept the specified substring from the string.

str := "Hello World"
subStr := str[0:5]
fmt.Println(subStr) //"Hello"

The above are the commonly used string conversion related operations in the Go language. Mastering these skills can make string processing more convenient and improve programming efficiency.

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