Utilize Memcached caching technology to optimize large amounts of data storage in PHP

With the rapid development of Internet applications, the increase in data volume has become a problem that PHP development engineers must face. Especially when storing large amounts of data, traditional data storage methods often lead to performance bottlenecks. Therefore, using caching technology to optimize data storage has become a necessary solution. Memcached caching technology is currently one of the most commonly used caching technologies and can effectively improve the performance of PHP applications. This article will introduce how to use Memcached caching technology to optimize large amounts of data storage in PHP from the following aspects.

1. Overview of Memcached

Memcached is an open source, high-performance distributed cache system originally created by Brad Fitzpatrick. It is based on memory and can improve the access speed of applications and reduce the access pressure on the database by caching commonly used data. The main functions of Memcached include: data caching, session management, data distribution, data refresh, etc. Memcached's access speed is very fast, which makes it especially suitable for caching large Web sites, such as Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube.

2. Memcached application scenarios

The application scenarios of Memcached mainly include:

1. Cache commonly used data

Store commonly used data in Memcached. It can avoid frequently reading data from the database and improve the access speed of the application.

2. Distributed cache

When multiple applications use the same data source at the same time, distributed cache can be used to improve cache efficiency and reduce database access pressure.

3. Session data storage

By storing session data in Memcached, session sharing can be achieved and the performance and scalability of web applications can be improved.

3. Memcached installation and configuration

In the Linux operating system, Memcached can be installed through yum, the command is as follows:

yum -y install memcached

After the installation is complete, it needs to be configured. The main configuration contents include: cache size, listening address, listening port, etc. It can be configured by modifying the /etc/sysconfig/memcached file.

4. Calling Memcached in PHP

Using Memcached, you can perform the following basic operations in PHP:

1. Connect to Memcached

Use PHP function memcached_connect() can connect to Memcached.

$memcached = new Memcached();
$servers   = array(
    array('127.0.0.1', 11211),
);
$memcached->addServers($servers);

2. Storing data into Memcached

Use the PHP function memcached_set() to store data into Memcached.

$memcached->set('key', 'value', 3600);

3. Get data from Memcached

Use the PHP function memcached_get() to get data from Memcached.

$value = $memcached->get('key');

4. Delete the data in Memcached

Use the PHP function memcached_delete() to delete the data in Memcached.

$memcached->delete('key');

5. Use Memcached caching technology to optimize data storage in PHP

1. Cache commonly used data

Store commonly used data in Memcached to avoid frequent data access from the database Read data in the application to improve the access speed of the application. Before storing data, you need to determine whether the key value already exists in Memcached. If it exists, get the data directly from Memcached. Otherwise, get the data from the database and store it in Memcached.

$key    = 'user_info';
$result = $memcached->get($key);
if (!$result) {
    //从数据库中读取数据
    $result = db_query("select * from user_info where user_id=1");

    //存储到Memcached中
    $memcached->set($key, $result, 3600);
}

2. Distributed cache

When multiple applications use the same data source at the same time, distributed cache can be used to improve cache efficiency and reduce database access pressure. In Memcached, distributed caching can be implemented by setting up multiple servers. The specific implementation method is the same as a single server. When accessed in code, the key value to be stored needs to be hashed, and then the Memcached server to which the data is stored is determined based on the hash value.

3. Session data storage

By storing session data in Memcached, session sharing can be achieved and the performance and scalability of web applications can be improved. In PHP, you can use the Memcached extension to store session data. The specific implementation is as follows:

ini_set('session.save_handler', 'memcached');
ini_set('session.save_path', '127.0.0.1:11211');
session_start();

In actual applications, Memcached can be used in combination with other caching technologies such as Redis to achieve more efficient data storage.

6. Summary

The above is a detailed introduction to using Memcached caching technology to optimize large amounts of data storage in PHP. Proper use of Memcached can effectively improve application performance and reduce database access pressure. Therefore, as a PHP development engineer, you need to have an in-depth understanding and mastery of Memcached-related knowledge to improve your development capabilities and experience.

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