PHP method to achieve database load balancing and expansion

In the current environment where the number of Internet applications and visits continue to grow, how to improve the load balancing performance of the database has become the focus of every technician. Among them, PHP is a commonly used development language. How to implement database load balancing and expansion has become a hot topic.

This article will combine practical application experience to introduce the method of using PHP to achieve database load balancing expansion, including how to prepare the environment, how to configure LNMP and how to implement load balancing.

1. Preparing the environment

Before performing database load balancing expansion, you need to ensure that you have a sufficient number of servers and hardware configuration. It is recommended to separate the load balancer and database server to avoid single points of failure. In order to achieve capacity expansion, the server needs to be configured with network settings and hardware, and necessary software and tools installed.

2. Configuring LNMP

After the environment is ready, you can follow the steps below to install LNMP.

First, install the Linux system. It is recommended to use stable versions of CentOS or Ubuntu.

Secondly, install Apache, PHP and MySQL, which is AMP. You can choose to install it using a package manager such as yum or apt-get.

Third, install Nginx. You can use the following command to install:

yum install nginx

Fourth, install the configuration file.

Before installing the configuration file, you need to create a PHP test file. As follows:

<?php
phpinfo();
?>

Then, save the file to the DocumentRoot directory of the server. You can use the following command:

cd /usr/local/nginx/html
vi phpinfo.php

Add the following code to the opened file:

location / {
　　root html;
　　index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
location ~ .php$ {
　　fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
　　fastcgi_index index.php;
　　fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /srv/www/htdocs$fastcgi_script_name;
　　include fastcgi_params;
}

Save and close the file.

After that, move the PHP test file from Apache to Nginx's test directory, as follows:

mv /usr/local/apache/htdocs/phpinfo.php /usr/local/nginx/html

Finally, start the service and test it.

Restart Apache and Nginx:

/etc/init.d/httpd restart
/etc/init.d/nginx restart

Open the Nginx test file in the browser, as follows:

http://IPAddress/phpinfo.php

will display the PHP installation information, proving that the LNMP environment has been successful Build.

3. Implement load balancing

After completing the configuration of the LNMP environment, you need to configure load balancing.

First, create a cluster named "php" containing two web servers. Open Nginx's configuration file and add the following code:

http {
　　upstream php_backend {
　　　　server localhost:8888 weight=1;
　　　　server localhost:9999 weight=2;
　　}
}

The above code is used to create a cluster named "php_backend" and point the local host to two web servers (localhost:8888 and localhost:9999). Among them, weight=2 means that the server has a higher weight than the server with weight=1, that is, it is more likely to be selected as the server to respond to the client request.

Secondly, open the Nginx HTTP server and add the cluster load balancer to the Vhost:

server {
　　listen 80;
　　server_name localhost;
　　location / {
　　　　proxy_pass http://php_backend;
　　}
}

The above code is used to enable the Nginx HTTP server and add the cluster load balancer to Vhost, thereby distributing requests to two web servers. Of course, multiple web servers can also be added to the cluster.

Finally, restart Nginx to make the configuration take effect:

/etc/init.d/nginx restart

After completing the above steps, the load balancer will automatically distribute requests to the web servers based on weights to achieve load balancing.

In short, using PHP to achieve database load balancing expansion can greatly improve the linear expansion performance and reliability of applications. Through the above steps, I believe you have understood how to use LNMP environment to achieve load balancing, and hope this article will be helpful to you.

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