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How SpringBoot integrates MaxCompute

王林
Release： 2023-05-16 09:37:05
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1、SDK方式集成

1.1、依赖引入odps-sdk-core

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <!--maxCompute sdk 版本号-->
    <max-compute-sdk.version>0.40.8-public</max-compute-sdk.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
  <!--max compute sdk-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.odps</groupId>
    <artifactId>odps-sdk-core</artifactId>
    <version>${max-compute-sdk.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
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1.2、编写连接工具类

编写MaxComputeSdkUtil以SDK方式连接MaxCompute

1.2.1、重要类和方法说明

1、连接参数类：

@Data
public class MaxComputeSdkConnParam {
    /**阿里云accessId 相当于用户名 */
    private String aliyunAccessId;
    /**阿里云accessKey 相当于密码 */
    private String aliyunAccessKey;
    /**阿里云maxCompute服务接口地址 默认是http://service.odps.aliyun.com/api*/
    private String maxComputeEndpoint;
    /**项目名称*/
    private String projectName;
}
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2、查询表元数据信息实体

主要是字段：tableName, comment。还可以自己添加其他字段

@Data
@NoArgsConstructor
@AllArgsConstructor
public class TableMetaInfo {
    /**表名称*/
    private String tableName;
    /**表注释*/
    private String comment;
}
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3、公共方法(初始化)

/**默认的odps接口地址 在Odps中也可以看到该变量*/
private static final String defaultEndpoint = "http://service.odps.aliyun.com/api";
/**开启全表扫描的配置*/
private static final String FULL_SCAN_CONFIG = "odps.sql.allow.fullscan";
/**分页查询sql模板*/
private static final String PAGE_SELECT_TEMPLATE_SQL = "select z.* from (%s) z limit %s, %s;";
/**分页查询统计数量模板SQL*/
private static final String PAGE_COUNT_TEMPLATE_SQL = "select count(1) from (%s) z;";
/**sdk的odps客户端*/
private final Odps odps;

/**odps连接参数*/
private final MaxComputeSdkConnParam connParam;

public MaxComputeSdkUtil(MaxComputeSdkConnParam param){
    this.connParam = param;
    // 构建odps客户端
    this.odps = buildOdps();
}

/**
 * 构建odps客户端 用于执行sql等操作
 * @return odps客户端
 */
private Odps buildOdps() {
    // 阿里云账号密码  AccessId 和 AccessKey
    final String aliyunAccessId = connParam.getAliyunAccessId();
    final String aliyunAccessKey = connParam.getAliyunAccessKey();
    // 创建阿里云账户
    final AliyunAccount aliyunAccount = new AliyunAccount(aliyunAccessId, aliyunAccessKey);

    // 使用阿里云账户创建odps客户端
    final Odps odps = new Odps(aliyunAccount);

    // 传入了的话就是用传入的 没有传入使用默认的
    final String endpoint = connParam.getMaxComputeEndpoint();
    try {
        odps.setEndpoint(ObjectUtils.isEmpty(endpoint) ? defaultEndpoint : endpoint);
    } catch (Exception e) {
        // 端点格式不正确
        throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_ENDPOINT_ERR);
    }

    // 设置项目
    odps.setDefaultProject(connParam.getProjectName());
    return odps;
}
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4、查询表信息

/**
 * 获取表信息
 */
public List<TableMetaInfo> getTableInfos(){
    final Tables tables = odps.tables();
    List<TableMetaInfo> resultTables = new ArrayList<>();
    try {
        for (Table table : tables) {
            // tableName
            final String name = table.getName();
            // 描述
            final String comment = table.getComment();
            final TableMetaInfo info = new TableMetaInfo(name, comment);
            resultTables.add(info);
        }
    } catch (Exception e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        final String errMsg = ObjectUtils.isEmpty(e.getMessage()) ? "" : e.getMessage();
        if (errMsg.contains("ODPS-0410051:Invalid credentials")){
            throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_UNAME_ERR);
        }
        if (errMsg.contains("ODPS-0410042:Invalid signature value")){
            throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_PWD_ERR);
        }
        if (errMsg.contains("ODPS-0420095: Access Denied")){
            throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_PROJECT_ERR);
        }
    }
    return resultTables;
}
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5、执行SQL封装

/**
 * 执行sql查询
 * @param querySql 查询sql
 * @param fullScan 是否开启全表扫描 如果查询多个分区数据，需要开启全表扫描
 * @return List<Map<String, Object>>
 */
public List<Map<String, Object>> queryData(String querySql, boolean fullScan){
    try {
        // 配置全表扫描吗
        configFullScan(fullScan);
        // 使用任务执行SQL
        final Instance instance = SQLTask.run(odps, querySql);
        // 等待执行成功
        instance.waitForSuccess();
        // 封装返回结果
        List<Record> records = SQLTask.getResult(instance);
        // 结果转换为Map
        return buildMapByRecords(records);
    } catch (OdpsException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_SQL_EXEC_ERR);
    }
}

/**
 * 开启和移除全表扫描配置
 * @param fullScan 是否全表扫描
 */
private void configFullScan(boolean fullScan) {
        if (fullScan){
        // 开启全表扫描配置
        Map<String, String> config = new HashMap<>();
        log.info("===>>开启全表扫描， 查询多个分区数据");
        config.put(FULL_SCAN_CONFIG, "true");
        odps.setGlobalSettings(config);
        }else {
        // 移除全表扫描配置
        odps.getGlobalSettings().remove(FULL_SCAN_CONFIG);
        }
    }

/**
 * 将List<Record>准换为List<Map></>
 * @param records sql查询结果
 * @return 返回结果
 */
private List<Map<String, Object>> buildMapByRecords(List<Record> records) {
        List<Map<String, Object>> listMap = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Record record : records) {
        Column[] columns = record.getColumns();
        Map<String, Object> map = new LinkedHashMap<>();
        for (Column column : columns) {
        String name = column.getName();
        Object value = record.get(name);
        // maxCompute里面的空返回的是使用\n
        if ("\\N".equalsIgnoreCase(String.valueOf(value))) {
        map.put(name, "");
        } else {
        map.put(name, value);
        }
        }
        listMap.add(map);
        }
        return listMap;
    }
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6、分页查询分装

/**
 * 执行sql查询【分页查询】
 * @param querySql 查询sql
 * @param page 页码 从1开始 第n页传n
 * @param size 每页记录数
 * @param fullScan 是否开启全表扫描 如果查询多个分区数据，需要开启全表扫描
 * @return List<Map<String, Object>>
 */
public List<Map<String, Object>> queryData(String querySql, Integer page, Integer size, boolean fullScan){
    // 重写SQl，添加limit offset, limit
    // 1、替换分号
    querySql = querySql.replaceAll(";", "");
    // 2、格式化SQL
    Integer offset = (page - 1 ) * size;
    // 得到执行sql
    final String execSql = String.format(PAGE_SELECT_TEMPLATE_SQL, querySql, offset, size);
    log.info("=======>>>执行分页sql为：{}", execSql);

    // 调用执行SQL数据
    return queryData(execSql, fullScan);
}


/**
 * 执行分页查询
 * @param querySql 分页查询sql
 * @param page 页码 从1开始 第n页传n
 * @param size 每页记录数
 * @return 分页查询结果
 */
public PageResult<Map<String, Object>> pageQueryMap(String querySql, Integer page, Integer size){
    // 1、替换分号
    querySql = querySql.replaceAll(";", "");
    String countSql = String.format(PAGE_COUNT_TEMPLATE_SQL, querySql);
    log.info("=======>>>执行分页统计总数sql为：{}", countSql);
    // 查询总数
    final List<Map<String, Object>> countMap = queryData(countSql, false);
    if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(countMap)){
        return new PageResult<>(0L, new ArrayList<>());
    }

    long count = 0L;
    for (Object value : countMap.get(0).values()) {
        count = Long.parseLong(String.valueOf(value));
    }

    if (count == 0){
        return new PageResult<>(0L, new ArrayList<>());
    }

    // 执行分页查询 开启全表扫描
    final List<Map<String, Object>> resultList = queryData(querySql, page, size, true);

    return new PageResult<>(count, resultList);
}


/**
 * 执行分页查询
 * @param querySql 分页查询sql
 * @param page 页码 从1开始 第n页传n
 * @param size 每页记录数
 * @return 分页查询结果
 */
public <T>PageResult<T> pageQuery(String querySql, Integer page, Integer size, Class<T> clazz){
    final PageResult<Map<String, Object>> result = pageQueryMap(querySql, page, size);
    List<T> rows = new ArrayList<>();
    for (Map<String, Object> row : result.getRows()) {
        final T t = JSONObject.parseObject(JSONObject.toJSONString(row), clazz);
        rows.add(t);
    }
    return new PageResult<>(result.getTotal(), rows);
}
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1.2.2 工具类测试

使用测试数据测试工具类

public static void main(String[] args) {
    // 构建连接参数
    final MaxComputeSdkConnParam connParam = new MaxComputeSdkConnParam();
    connParam.setAliyunAccessId("您的阿里云账号accessId");
    connParam.setAliyunAccessKey("您的阿里云账号accessKey");
    connParam.setProjectName("项目名");

    // 实例化工具类
    final MaxComputeSdkUtil sdkUtil = new MaxComputeSdkUtil(connParam);

    // 查询所有表
    final List<TableMetaInfo> tableInfos = sdkUtil.getTableInfos();
    for (TableMetaInfo tableInfo : tableInfos) {
        System.out.println(tableInfo.getTableName());
    }

    // 分页查询数据
    final PageResult<Map<String, Object>> page = sdkUtil.pageQueryMap("select * from ods_cust;", 2, 10);
    System.out.println(page.getTotal());
    for (Map<String, Object> map : page.getRows()) {
        System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(map));
    }
}
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1.2.3 为什么要开启全表扫描

maxCompute存在使用限制如下：

当使用select语句时，屏显最多只能显示10000行结果。当select语句作为子句时则无此限制，select子句会将全部结果返回给上层查询。
select语句查询分区表时默认禁止全表扫描。
自2018年1月10日20:00:00后，在新创建的项目上执行SQL语句时，默认情况下，针对该项目里的分区表不允许执行全表扫描操作。在查询分区表数据时必须指定分区，由此减少SQL的不必要I/O，从而减少计算资源的浪费以及按量计费模式下不必要的计算费用。

如果您需要对分区表进行全表扫描，可以在全表扫描的SQL语句前加上命令set odps.sql.allow.fullscan=true;，并和SQL语句一起提交执行。假设sale_detail表为分区表，需要同时执行如下语句进行全表查询：

2、JDBC方式集成

使用odps-jdbc集成, 官方文档地址MaxCompute Java JDBC介绍

<properties>
    <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    <!--maxCompute-jdbc-版本号-->
    <max-compute-jdbc.version>3.0.1</max-compute-jdbc.version>
</properties>

<dependencies>
  <!--max compute jdbc-->
  <dependency>
    <groupId>com.aliyun.odps</groupId>
    <artifactId>odps-jdbc</artifactId>
    <version>${max-compute-jdbc.version}</version>
    <classifier>jar-with-dependencies</classifier>
  </dependency>
</dependencies>
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2.2、编写连接工具类

编写MaxComputeSdkUtil以JDBC方式连接MaxCompute

2.2.1、重要类和方法说明

1、连接参数类：

@Data
public class MaxComputeJdbcConnParam {
  /**阿里云accessId 相当于用户名 */
  private String aliyunAccessId;
  /**阿里云accessKey 相当于密码 */
  private String aliyunAccessKey;
  /** maxcompute_endpoint */
  private String endpoint;
  /**项目名称*/
  private String projectName;
}
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2、公共方法(初始化)

/**JDBC 驱动名称*/
private static final String DRIVER_NAME = "com.aliyun.odps.jdbc.OdpsDriver";

private static final String SELECT_ALL_TABLE_SQL = "select table_name, table_comment from Information_Schema.TABLES";

private static final String SELECT_FIELD_BY_TABLE_SQL = "select column_name, column_comment from Information_Schema.COLUMNS where table_name = &#39;%s&#39;";
/**分页查询sql模板*/
private static final String PAGE_SELECT_TEMPLATE_SQL = "select z.* from (%s) z limit %s, %s;";
/**分页查询统计数量模板SQL*/
private static final String PAGE_COUNT_TEMPLATE_SQL = "select count(1) from (%s) z;";
/**连接*/
private final Connection conn;

/**
 * 连接参数
 */
private final MaxComputeJdbcConnParam connParam;

public MaxComputeJdbcUtil(MaxComputeJdbcConnParam connParam) {
    this.connParam = connParam;
    this.conn = buildConn();
}

/**
 * 创建连接
 * @return 数据库连接
 */
private Connection buildConn() {
    try {
        Class.forName(DRIVER_NAME);
    } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_JDBC_DRIVE_LOAD_ERR);
    }

    try {
        // JDBCURL连接模板
        String jdbcUrlTemplate = "jdbc:odps:%s?project=%s&useProjectTimeZone=true";
        // 使用驱动管理器连接获取连接
        return DriverManager.getConnection(
                String.format(jdbcUrlTemplate, connParam.getEndpoint(), connParam.getProjectName()),
                connParam.getAliyunAccessId(), connParam.getAliyunAccessKey());
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_JDBC_DRIVE_LOAD_ERR);
    }
}
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3、查询表信息

/**
 * 获取表信息
 * @return 表信息列表
 */
public List<TableMetaInfo> getTableInfos(){
    List<TableMetaInfo> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
    Statement statement = null;
    ResultSet resultSet = null;
    try {
        // 创建statement 使用SQL直接查询
        statement = conn.createStatement();
        // 执行查询语句
        resultSet = statement.executeQuery(SELECT_ALL_TABLE_SQL);
        while (resultSet.next()){
            final String tableName = resultSet.getString("table_name");
            final String tableComment = resultSet.getString("table_comment");
            final TableMetaInfo info = new TableMetaInfo(tableName, tableComment);
            resultList.add(info);
        }

        return resultList;
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_SQL_EXEC_ERR);
    } finally {
        // 关闭resultSet
        closeResultSet(resultSet);
        // 关闭statement
        closeStatement(statement);
    }
}
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4、执行SQL封装

/**
 * 执行sql查询
 * @param querySql 查询sql
 * @return List<Map<String, Object>>
 */
public List<Map<String, Object>> queryData(String querySql){
    List<Map<String, Object>> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
    Statement statement = null;
    ResultSet resultSet = null;
    try {
        // 创建statement
        statement = conn.createStatement();

        // 执行查询语句
        resultSet = statement.executeQuery(querySql);

        // 构建结果返回
        buildMapByRs(resultList, resultSet);

        return resultList;
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_SQL_EXEC_ERR);
    } finally {
        // 关闭resultSet
        closeResultSet(resultSet);
        // 关闭statement
        closeStatement(statement);
    }
}

/**
 * 将ResultSet转换为List<Map<String, Object>>
 * @param resultList 转换的集合
 * @param resultSet ResultSet
 * @throws SQLException e
 */
private void buildMapByRs(List<Map<String, Object>> resultList, ResultSet resultSet) throws SQLException {
    // 获取元数据
    ResultSetMetaData metaData = resultSet.getMetaData();
    while (resultSet.next()) {
        // 获取列数
        int columnCount = metaData.getColumnCount();
        Map<String, Object> map = new HashMap<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < columnCount; i++) {
            String columnName = metaData.getColumnName(i + 1);
            Object object = resultSet.getObject(columnName);
            // maxCompute里面的空返回的是使用\n
            if ("\\N".equalsIgnoreCase(String.valueOf(object))) {
                map.put(columnName, "");
            } else {
                map.put(columnName, object);
            }
        }
        resultList.add(map);
    }
}


private void closeStatement(Statement statement){
    if (statement != null){
        try {
            statement.close();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

private void closeResultSet(ResultSet resultSet){
    if (resultSet != null){
        try {
            resultSet.close();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}
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5、分页查询分装

/**
 * 执行sql查询
 * @param querySql 查询sql
 * @return List<Map<String, Object>>
 */
public List<Map<String, Object>> queryData(String querySql, Integer page, Integer size){
    List<Map<String, Object>> resultList = new ArrayList<>();
    Statement statement = null;
    ResultSet resultSet = null;
    try {
        // 1、替换分号
        querySql = querySql.replaceAll(";", "");
        // 创建statement
        statement = conn.createStatement();
        // 2、格式化SQL
        int offset = (page - 1 ) * size;
        final String execSql = String.format(PAGE_SELECT_TEMPLATE_SQL, querySql, offset, size);
        log.info("=======>>>执行分页sql为：{}", execSql);
        // 执行查询语句
        resultSet = statement.executeQuery(execSql);

        // 构建结果返回
        buildMapByRs(resultList, resultSet);
        return resultList;
    } catch (SQLException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
        throw new BizException(ResultCode.MAX_COMPUTE_SQL_EXEC_ERR);
    } finally {
        // 关闭resultSet
        closeResultSet(resultSet);
        // 关闭statement
        closeStatement(statement);
    }
}


/**
 * 执行分页查询
 * @param querySql 分页查询sql
 * @param page 页码 从1开始 第n页传n
 * @param size 每页记录数
 * @return 分页查询结果
 */
public PageResult<Map<String, Object>> pageQueryMap(String querySql, Integer page, Integer size){
    // 1、替换分号
    querySql = querySql.replaceAll(";", "");
    String countSql = String.format(PAGE_COUNT_TEMPLATE_SQL, querySql);
    log.info("=======>>>执行分页统计总数sql为：{}", countSql);
    // 查询总数
    final List<Map<String, Object>> countMap = queryData(countSql);
    if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(countMap)){
        return new PageResult<>(0L, new ArrayList<>());
    }

    long count = 0L;
    for (Object value : countMap.get(0).values()) {
        count = Long.parseLong(String.valueOf(value));
    }

    if (count == 0){
        return new PageResult<>(0L, new ArrayList<>());
    }

    // 执行分页查询 开启全表扫描
    final List<Map<String, Object>> resultList = queryData(querySql, page, size);

    return new PageResult<>(count, resultList);
}


/**
 * 执行分页查询
 * @param querySql 分页查询sql
 * @param page 页码 从1开始 第n页传n
 * @param size 每页记录数
 * @return 分页查询结果
 */
public <T>PageResult<T> pageQuery(String querySql, Integer page, Integer size, Class<T> clazz){
    final PageResult<Map<String, Object>> result = pageQueryMap(querySql, page, size);
    List<T> rows = new ArrayList<>();
    for (Map<String, Object> row : result.getRows()) {
        final T t = JSONObject.parseObject(JSONObject.toJSONString(row), clazz);
        rows.add(t);
    }
    return new PageResult<>(result.getTotal(), rows);
}
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2.2.2 工具类测试

使用测试数据测试工具类

public static void main(String[] args) {
    final MaxComputeJdbcConnParam connParam = new MaxComputeJdbcConnParam();
    connParam.setAliyunAccessId("您的阿里云账号accessId");
    connParam.setAliyunAccessKey("您的阿里云账号accessKey");
    connParam.setProjectName("项目名");
    connParam.setEndpoint("http://service.cn-hangzhou.maxcompute.aliyun.com/api");
    final MaxComputeJdbcUtil jdbcUtil = new MaxComputeJdbcUtil(connParam);

    // 获取表信息
    final List<TableMetaInfo> tableInfos = jdbcUtil.getTableInfos();
    for (TableMetaInfo tableInfo : tableInfos) {
        System.out.println(tableInfo);
    }

    // 获取字段信息
    final String tableName = tableInfos.get(new Random().nextInt(tableInfos.size())).getTableName();
    final List<TableColumnMetaInfo> fields = jdbcUtil.getFieldByTableName(tableName);
    for (TableColumnMetaInfo field : fields) {
        System.out.println(field.getFieldName() + "-" + field.getComment());
    }

    // 执行查询
    final List<Map<String, Object>> list = jdbcUtil.queryData("select * from ods_cust;");
    for (Map<String, Object> map : list) {
        System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(map));
    }

    // 执行分页查询
    final List<Map<String, Object>> list2 = jdbcUtil.queryData("select * from ods_cust;", 2, 10);
    for (Map<String, Object> map : list2) {
        System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(map));
    }

    // 执行分页查询 并返回count
    final PageResult<Map<String, Object>> list3 = jdbcUtil.pageQueryMap("select * from ods_cust;", 2, 10);
    System.out.println(list3.getTotal());
    for (Map<String, Object> map : list3.getRows()) {
        System.out.println(JSONObject.toJSONString(map));
    }

    jdbcUtil.close();
}
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