Home Backend Development PHP Tutorial PHP使用xmllint命令处理xml与html的方法_PHP

PHP使用xmllint命令处理xml与html的方法_PHP

May 31, 2016 pm 06:15 PM
php xml use Order deal with

本文实例讲述了PHP使用xmllint命令处理xml与html的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体分析如下:

xmllint是一个很方便的处理及验证xml、处理html的工具,linux下只要安装libxml2就可以使用这个命令。首先看下其结合--html 、--xpath参数处理html时的例子:

示例如下:

代码如下:

curl http://www.bitsCN.com /ip/?q=8.8.8.8 2>/dev/null | xmllint --html --xpath "//ul[@id='csstb']" - 2>/dev/null | sed -e 's/]*>//g'


上例中主要是通过在123cha上查询的IP地址的归属情况后,通过提取结果(ul#csstb),只获取文本部分的内容。上面的脚本语句执行后的结果如下:

[您的查询]:8.8.8.8
本站主数据:
美国
本站辅数据:Google Public DNS提供:hypo
美国 Google免费的Google Public DNS提供:zwstar参考数据一:美国
参考数据二:美国

下面再结合示例看下其他主要参数的用法。
1、 --format
此参数用于格式化xml,使其具有良好的可读性。
假设有xml(person.xml)内容如下:

代码如下:

ball30male


执行如下操作后其输出为更易读的xml格式:

代码如下:

#xmllint --format person.xml

   
      ball
      30
      male
   


2、 --noblanks
与--format相反,有时为了节省传输量,我们希望去掉xml中的空白,这时我们可以使用--noblanks命令。
假设xml(person.xml)内容如下

代码如下:


   
      ball
      30
      male
   


执行该参数操作后,其输出结果为:

代码如下:

#xmllint --noblanks person.xml

    ball30male


3、--schema
使用scheam验证xml文件的正确性(XML Schema 是基于 XML 的 DTD 替代者)
假设有xml文件(person.xml)和scheam文件(person.xsd)文件,内容分别如下
person.xml

代码如下:


   
      ball
      30
      male
   


person.xsd

代码如下:


   
     
     
     
       
         
           
           
         

       

     

     
       
         
           
           
           
         

       

     

   


按如下命令执行后的结果是:

代码如下:

#xmllint --schema person.xsd person.xml

   
      ball
      30
      male
   

person.xml validates 
注:默认情况下,验证后会输出验证的文件内容,可以使用 --noout选项去掉此输出,这样我们可以只得到最后的验证结果。

代码如下:

#xmllint --noout --schema person.xsd person.xml


person.xml validates 
下面我们改动person.xml,使这份文件age字段和sex都是不符合xsd定义的。

代码如下:

#xmllint --noout --schema person.xsd person.xml
person.xml:4: element age: Schemas validity error : Element 'age': 'not age' is not a valid value of the atomic type 'xs:integer'.
person.xml:5: element sex: Schemas validity error : Element 'sex': [facet 'enumeration'] The value 'test' is not an element of the set {'male', 'female'}.
person.xml:5: element sex: Schemas validity error : Element 'sex': 'test' is not a valid value of the local atomic type.
person.xml fails to validate


可以看到xmllint成功的报出了错误!

4、 关于--schema的输出

在讲输出之前先看下面一个场景,假如你想通过php执行xmllint然后拿到返回结果,你的代码通常应该是这个样子valid.php

代码如下:

$command = "xmllint --noout --schema person.xsd person.xml";
exec($command, $output, $retval);
//出错时返回值不为0
if ($retval != 0){
    var_dump($output);
}
else{
    echo "yeah!";
}


我们保持上文中person.xml的错误。

执行此代码,你会发现,你拿到的output不是错误,而是array(0) {}, amazing!
为什么会这样呢?

因为xmllint --schema,如果验证出错误,错误信息并不是通过标准输出(stdout)显示的,而是通过标准错误(stderr)进行显示的。

而exec的output参数拿到的,只能是标准输出(stdout)显示的内容。
所以,为了拿到出错信息,我们需要将标准错误重定向到标准输出,对应修改代码:

代码如下:

$command = "xmllint --noout --schema person.xsd person.xml 2>$1";


再次执行valid.php,错误信息顺利拿到!

例子如下:
首先建立一份 xml 文档,命名为 po.xml,其内容如下:

代码如下:



   
        Alice Smith
        123 Maple Street
        Mill Valley
        CA
        90952
   

   
        Robert Smith
        8 Oak Avenue
        Old Town
        PA
        95819
   

    Hurry, my lawn is going wild!
   
       
            Lawnmower
            1
            148.95
            Confirm this is electric
       

       
            Baby Monitor
            1
            39.98
            1999-05-21
       

   


然后为 po.xml 写的 schema 文件,取名为 po.xsd,内容如下:

代码如下:


 
 
   Purchase order schema for Example.com.
   Copyright 2000 Example.com. All rights reserved.
 

 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 

 
 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 

  www.bitsCN.com
 

 
 
  
   
    
     
     
      
       
        
       

      

     

     
     
     
    

    
   

  

 

 

 
 
 
  
 

 


使用 xmllint 对 po.xml 文件进行校验:

代码如下:

$ xmllint   -schema po.xsd po.xml

如果无出错信息,就说明校验通过了。

希望本文所述对大家的PHP程序设计有所帮助。

Statement of this Website
The content of this article is voluntarily contributed by netizens, and the copyright belongs to the original author. This site does not assume corresponding legal responsibility. If you find any content suspected of plagiarism or infringement, please contact admin@php.cn

Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress

Undresser.AI Undress

AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover

AI Clothes Remover

Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool

Undress AI Tool

Undress images for free

Clothoff.io

Clothoff.io

AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap

Video Face Swap

Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Tools

Notepad++7.3.1

Notepad++7.3.1

Easy-to-use and free code editor

SublimeText3 Chinese version

SublimeText3 Chinese version

Chinese version, very easy to use

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Zend Studio 13.0.1

Powerful PHP integrated development environment

Dreamweaver CS6

Dreamweaver CS6

Visual web development tools

SublimeText3 Mac version

SublimeText3 Mac version

God-level code editing software (SublimeText3)

PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian PHP 8.4 Installation and Upgrade guide for Ubuntu and Debian Dec 24, 2024 pm 04:42 PM

PHP 8.4 brings several new features, security improvements, and performance improvements with healthy amounts of feature deprecations and removals. This guide explains how to install PHP 8.4 or upgrade to PHP 8.4 on Ubuntu, Debian, or their derivati

How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development How To Set Up Visual Studio Code (VS Code) for PHP Development Dec 20, 2024 am 11:31 AM

Visual Studio Code, also known as VS Code, is a free source code editor — or integrated development environment (IDE) — available for all major operating systems. With a large collection of extensions for many programming languages, VS Code can be c

7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before 7 PHP Functions I Regret I Didn't Know Before Nov 13, 2024 am 09:42 AM

If you are an experienced PHP developer, you might have the feeling that you’ve been there and done that already.You have developed a significant number of applications, debugged millions of lines of code, and tweaked a bunch of scripts to achieve op

How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? How do you parse and process HTML/XML in PHP? Feb 07, 2025 am 11:57 AM

This tutorial demonstrates how to efficiently process XML documents using PHP. XML (eXtensible Markup Language) is a versatile text-based markup language designed for both human readability and machine parsing. It's commonly used for data storage an

Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Explain JSON Web Tokens (JWT) and their use case in PHP APIs. Apr 05, 2025 am 12:04 AM

JWT is an open standard based on JSON, used to securely transmit information between parties, mainly for identity authentication and information exchange. 1. JWT consists of three parts: Header, Payload and Signature. 2. The working principle of JWT includes three steps: generating JWT, verifying JWT and parsing Payload. 3. When using JWT for authentication in PHP, JWT can be generated and verified, and user role and permission information can be included in advanced usage. 4. Common errors include signature verification failure, token expiration, and payload oversized. Debugging skills include using debugging tools and logging. 5. Performance optimization and best practices include using appropriate signature algorithms, setting validity periods reasonably,

PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String PHP Program to Count Vowels in a String Feb 07, 2025 pm 12:12 PM

A string is a sequence of characters, including letters, numbers, and symbols. This tutorial will learn how to calculate the number of vowels in a given string in PHP using different methods. The vowels in English are a, e, i, o, u, and they can be uppercase or lowercase. What is a vowel? Vowels are alphabetic characters that represent a specific pronunciation. There are five vowels in English, including uppercase and lowercase: a, e, i, o, u Example 1 Input: String = "Tutorialspoint" Output: 6 explain The vowels in the string "Tutorialspoint" are u, o, i, a, o, i. There are 6 yuan in total

Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Explain late static binding in PHP (static::). Apr 03, 2025 am 12:04 AM

Static binding (static::) implements late static binding (LSB) in PHP, allowing calling classes to be referenced in static contexts rather than defining classes. 1) The parsing process is performed at runtime, 2) Look up the call class in the inheritance relationship, 3) It may bring performance overhead.

What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? What are PHP magic methods (__construct, __destruct, __call, __get, __set, etc.) and provide use cases? Apr 03, 2025 am 12:03 AM

What are the magic methods of PHP? PHP's magic methods include: 1.\_\_construct, used to initialize objects; 2.\_\_destruct, used to clean up resources; 3.\_\_call, handle non-existent method calls; 4.\_\_get, implement dynamic attribute access; 5.\_\_set, implement dynamic attribute settings. These methods are automatically called in certain situations, improving code flexibility and efficiency.

See all articles