mysql file garbled characters

In the MySQL database, sometimes it is found that the encoding of the file is garbled. This problem can be caused by a number of factors, but most of the time, the problem can be fixed with some simple fixes. This article will introduce some methods to solve the problem of garbled MySQL files.

1. Check the file encoding

Before solving the problem of garbled MySQL files, we need to first determine the encoding format of the original file. Under the Linux system, we can use the file command to view the file encoding. For example, if we want to view the encoding format of the file.txt file, we can use the following command:

file -i file.txt

This command will output the following results:

file.txt: text/plain; charset=utf-8

This result tells us that the encoding format of file.txt file is utf-8. Under Windows systems, we can view the encoding format of the file through editors such as Notepad.

2. Modify the encoding of the MySQL database

In MySQL, the encoding format of the database is defined through the character set and collation rules. If your file encoding does not match the encoding of the database, it will cause garbled files. We can modify the encoding of the MySQL database through the following steps:

1. Open the MySQL configuration file my.cnf, which can be opened using the following command:

sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

2. In Add the following two lines under [mysqld]:

character-set-server=utf8mb4
collation-server=utf8mb4_unicode_ci

3. Save and close the my.cnf file, and restart the MySQL service:

sudo systemctl restart mysql

After restarting the service, The encoding of the MySQL database has been changed to utf8mb4.

3. Modify the encoding of the MySQL data table

If your MySQL database has created and stored data, the garbled file problem may be caused by a mismatch in the encoding format of the table. We can modify the encoding of the MySQL data table through the following methods:

1. Log in to the MySQL database:

mysql -u root -p

2. Select the database:

use yourdatabase;

3. Modify the encoding format of the data table:

alter table yourtable convert to character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_unicode_ci;

You need to replace yourdatabase and yourtable with the actual names.

4. Modify the encoding of the MySQL client connection

If your database and data table have adopted the correct encoding format, but the MySQL client connection encoding you use does not match it, This will lead to garbled files. We can modify the encoding of the MySQL client connection through the following methods:

1. Open the MySQL client configuration file my.cnf, which can be opened using the following command:

sudo vim /etc/mysql/my.cnf

2. Add the following two lines:

[client]
default-character-set=utf8mb4

3. Save and close the my.cnf file.

4. Modify the encoding format of the file

If the above methods cannot solve the problem of garbled MySQL files, then we need to consider modifying the encoding format of the file itself. Under Linux systems, we can use the iconv command to convert. For example, if we want to convert a gb18030 encoded file file.txt to utf-8 encoding, we can use the following command:

iconv -f gb18030 -t utf-8 file.txt -o file_utf8.txt

This command will convert the file.txt file from gb18030 encoding to utf-8 encoding , and output to the file_utf8.txt file.

Summary

The above are some methods to solve the problem of garbled MySQL files. When performing the above operations, be sure to back up your data to avoid irrecoverable data loss.

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