As a programmer, Git is almost an indispensable tool for us. As a version control system, Git helps us manage file modifications and version tracing. Especially when developing large-scale software projects, Git can help manage code merging between team members and avoid problems such as conflicts and code loss.
In Git, the diff command is one of the important tools that helps us compare the differences between files and versions, and is often used by programmers. However, although the diff command seems simple, there are still many details to pay attention to in its specific usage. This article will introduce the correct usage of the git diff command in detail.
The basic syntax of Git diff is as follows:
git diff [<options>] [<commit>] [--] [<path> ...]
Among them, options are optional and commit is one of the two versions to be compared. , the default is HEAD, path is the specified path, optional.
Note: ‘--’ is the delimiter, and the following path represents the file or folder.
For example, compare the differences between the workspace and the current version:
git diff
Compare the differences between a certain file between the workspace and the current version:
git diff file1.txt
Compare specified The difference between the two submissions:
git diff abc123 def456
There are many optional parameters for the git diff command, the following are some of the more important ones:
git diff --cached
git diff --staged
git diff --shortstat
Output:
2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)
# 比较工作区和当前版本的差异,忽略空格和tab键的变化 git diff -w # 比较某两个提交之间的差异,忽略空格和tab键的变化 git diff -w abc123 def456
git diff --name-only
Output:
file1.txt file2.txt
git diff --name-status
Output:
M file1.txt A file3.txt D file4.txt
# 显示有变化的文件的5行差异上下文内容 git diff -U5 # 比较某两个提交之间的差异,显示10行差异上下文 git diff -U10 abc123 def456
In addition to the usages introduced above, Git diff also has other usages, such as:
git diff branch1..branch2
git diff tag1..tag2
git diff commit-id
git diff --no-prefix > myfile.patch
Use the above command to output the diff output according to the common format of blogs .
git diff origin/master..HEAD
Among them, origin/master is the remote branch. This command can compare remote branches and local branches at the same time, or compare the differences between two local branches.
The Git diff command is one of the very important tools in Git version control. This article introduces the basic syntax and parameters of git diff, and gives Some special usages.
When using Git diff, you should pay attention to actual needs and choose appropriate parameters to avoid unnecessary impacts. Also, be careful when comparing different branches or different repositories.
Finally, the correct use of Git diff during the development process can help developers better manage code, better organize the development process, and improve project development efficiency.
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