How to configure Location from scratch in Nginx

Basic knowledge

The matching order of location is "match regular first, then normal".

The matching order of location is actually "match ordinary first, then match regular". The reason for the misunderstanding is: regular matching will overwrite ordinary matching

nginx location configuration syntax

1. location [ = | ~ | ~* | ^~ ] uri { ... }

## 2.

location @name { ... }

location can be configured There are two configuration methods

1. Prefix uri (string/regular expression)

2.@ name

Prefix meaning

=: Exact match (all must be equal)

~: Case sensitive

~*: Ignore case

^~: Just match the uri part

@: Internal service jump

location Basic knowledge

1.location is configured in the server block.

2. You can use different configurations (configured in location) according to different uris to handle different requests.

3.location is in order and will be processed by the first matching location.

location configuration demo
##1.=, exact match

  location = / {
   #规则
  }
  # 则匹配到 `http://www.example.com/` 这种请求。

2.~, case sensitive

  location ~ /example/ {
    #规则
  }
  #请求示例
  #http://www.example.com/example/ [成功]
  #http://www.example.com/example/ [失败]

3.~*, case is ignored

 location ~* /example/ {
    #规则
 }
 # 则会忽略 uri 部分的大小写
 #http://www.example.com/example/ [成功]
 #http://www.example.com/example/ [成功]

4.^~, only matches starting with uri

 location ^~ /img/ {
   #规则
 }
 #以 /img/ 开头的请求，都会匹配上
 #http://www.example.com/img/a.jpg [成功]
 #http://www.example.com/img/b.mp4 [成功]

5.@, nginx internal jump

 location /img/ {
  error_page 404 @img_err;
 }
 
 location @img_err {
  # 规则
 }
 #以 /img/ 开头的请求，如果链接的状态为 404。则会匹配到 @img_err 这条规则上。

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