PHP implements real-time query function of email sending status

PHP realizes the real-time query function of email sending status

With the widespread popularity of email, email sending has become an indispensable part of daily work. However, due to network problems, mail server failures, etc., sometimes mail delivery fails. When an email fails to be sent, we often need to check the email sending status in order to handle the corresponding problem in a timely manner. This article will introduce how to use PHP to implement real-time query function of email sending status.

1. Implementing email sending

Before implementing the real-time query function of email sending status, we need to implement email sending first. PHP has a built-in mail() function, which can easily send emails. The syntax of the mail() function is as follows:

mail(to, subject, message, headers, parameters)

where to represents the recipient address of the email, subject represents the subject of the email, and message Represents the body of the email, headers represents the header information of the email, including From, Reply-to and other information, and parameters represents optional parameters, usually used to specify the parameters of the mail server.

The following is an example of a complete mail() function:

<?php
$to = "recipient@example.com";
$subject = "Test mail";
$message = "Hello! This is a simple email message.";
$headers = "From: sender@example.com";
mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers);
echo "Mail Sent.";
?>

In actual use, we need to set the recipient address, subject, body and header information of the email as needed.

2. Query the email sending status

When the email sending fails, we can locate the problem by querying the email sending status. PHP's imap extension provides functions for querying email status. First, we need to configure PHP’s imap extension. Search for the keyword "imap" in the php.ini file and remove the semicolon in front of "extension=php_imap.dll" to enable the imap extension.

Next, we can use the imap_search() function to search for mail on the mail server and obtain the status of the mail. The syntax of the imap_search() function is as follows:

imap_search(connection, criteria, options)

Among them, connection represents the connection to the mail server, criteria represents the search conditions, and options represents optional parameters.

The following is an example of calling the imap_search() function to query all emails whose status is not SEEN (read):

<?php
$hostname = '{mail.example.com:143/novalidate-cert}INBOX';
$username = 'username';
$password = 'password';
$mbox = imap_open($hostname,$username,$password);
$emails = imap_search($mbox, "UNSEEN");
if($emails) {
    foreach($emails as $email) {
        $header = imap_header($mbox, $email);
        $from = $header->from[0]->mailbox."@".$header->from[0]->host;
        $subject = $header->subject;
        echo "From: $from <br>";
        echo "Subject: $subject <br><br>";
    }
}
imap_close($mbox);
?>

The above code is used to connect to the mail server and search all Unread emails, and output sender and subject. We can modify the search conditions and output content as needed.

3. Implement real-time query

The above code can be used to query all unread emails, but if we need to query the email sending status in real time, we need to put the query operation in a loop, and Set the query interval and timeout as needed. The following is a sample code for querying the email sending status every 1 minute and sending a notification email when a new email is received:

<?php
$hostname = '{mail.example.com:143/novalidate-cert}INBOX';
$username = 'username';
$password = 'password';
$mbox = imap_open($hostname,$username,$password);

$last_email_count = -1;

while(true) {
    $emails = imap_search($mbox, "UNSEEN");
    $email_count = count($emails);
    if($email_count > $last_email_count) {
        // 有新邮件，发送通知邮件
        $to = "recipient@example.com";
        $subject = "New email notification";
        $message = "You have received a new email.";
        $headers = "From: sender@example.com";
        mail($to,$subject,$message,$headers);
    }
    $last_email_count = $email_count;
    sleep(60); // 等待60秒
}
imap_close($mbox);
?>

The above code is used to query the email sending status in a loop and send a notification email when a new email is received. Send notification email when email is sent. We can modify the query conditions, content and time interval of sending notification emails as needed.

Summary:

This article introduces how to use PHP to realize the real-time query function of email sending status. We can use the mail() function to send emails, and use the functions provided by the imap extension to query email status. By placing the query operation in a loop and setting the query interval and timeout as needed, we can query the email sending status in real time and send notification emails when new emails are received.

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