web front-end deployment nodejs

Nowadays, front-end development is becoming more and more popular, and more and more programmers are beginning to get involved in this field. At the same time, there is an increasing demand for front-end developers to take on more responsibilities in projects, including web front-end development, Node.js back-end development, deployment, and monitoring.

In this article, we will focus on how to deploy Node.js services, which can be used in actual production environments. If you want to develop in the field of web front-end, this will be a good starting point.

Step 1: Prepare the server

Before installing Node.js, we need to prepare an Ubuntu server. We will use this server to run Node.js applications.

With cloud computing platforms such as OpenShift and Heroku, running Node.js programs is very simple. However, in this article we will assume that you have already obtained and configured a private server.

Step 2: Install Node.js

In order to install Node.js, we will use the apt package manager. We need to install Node.js and npm (node.js package manager). Run the following command to install Node.js onto your Ubuntu server:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs npm

Please note that sometimes you need to install nodejs and nodejs-legacy packages separately:

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install nodejs
sudo apt-get install nodejs-legacy npm

After the installation is complete, we You can check the Node.js version using the following command:

nodejs -v

This command should print out the Node.js version number you have installed.

Step 3: Set up firewall access

We need to ensure that the Node.js service can be accessed from the outside. Make it accessible to other servers by opening the server's firewall ports.

By default, Ubuntu server comes with ufw firewall. In order to allow external access to your application, you need to direct TCP traffic to the host. Please run the following command to open the port.

sudo ufw allow 8080/tcp

In many cases, you will need to direct the port to a port number that makes sense to you (i.e. 80 or 443) because these ports are common ports for web services. However, for the sake of brevity, we will choose port 8080 here. Once your application is running properly, you can migrate it to this port.

Step 4: Write the Application

In order to deploy our Node.js application, we need to write a simple sample application. Open your favorite editor and create a file called app.js. Add the following content there:

var http = require('http');

http.createServer(function (request, response) {
  response.writeHead(200, {'Content-Type': 'text/plain'});
  response.end('Hello World
');
}).listen(8080);

console.log('Server running at http://YOUR_IP_ADDRESS:8080/');

Where YOUR_IP_ADDRESS is the IP address of your server.

After you have installed Node.js and npm, type the following command to install the http package into your application:

npm install http

What do these codes mean? We are creating a simple HTTP server that will listen on port 8080 for all inbound traffic when executed. On every request, the server will respond with "Hello World".

Added a console.log statement to the code that displays the IP address and port number being used by the server. When you run the application, you will see this output in the terminal. This will help you confirm if the application is running and which URL is being accessed.

Step Five: Run the Application

Our application is ready, now let’s run it! Go back to the terminal and change to the directory where the app.js file is located. There, you can enter the following command:

node app.js

This will launch your application. The application will run in the background and start running on your server's port 8080. The IP address in the browser or in the curl command as a GET request will send you "Hello World".

Step Six: Set Up Persistence

Although it is common to use commands to launch applications on the server, in a real production environment, you may find that you must rely on server management tools to automate and monitoring processes.

In order for the application to start automatically every time after a server restart, you need to create a Systemd service. Systemd is an initialization system used in many Linux distributions that can both manage and monitor system processes.

To do this, type the following command in Ubuntu:

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/YOUR_APP.service

Please replace YOUR_APP with the actual name of the application. Add the following to the file:

[Unit]
Description=YOUR_APP
After=syslog.target network.target

[Service]
Environment=NODE_PORT=8080
Type=simple
User=YOUR_USERNAME
ExecStart=/usr/bin/node /path/to/your/app.js
Restart=on-failure

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

In the above code, the following changes are required:

-YOUR_APP: The name of the application

-NODE_PORT: The application Listening port

- YOUR_USERNAME: The user to run the service under

- /path/to/your/app.js: The actual path to the application file

Next, you need to let Systemd reload and start the custom service. Type the following commands to copy your files to the correct directory and reload the service:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable YOUR_APP
sudo systemctl start YOUR_APP

At this point, your application is configured to start with Systemd. You can view the status of the application using the following command:

sudo systemctl status YOUR_APP

Step 7: Run a custom command

Now you can use Systemd to automatically run the application after the server restarts. However, you can also use Systemd management to customize commands that will run within a specific time.

For example, you can use the following command to shut down the application during the deployment of the update:

sudo systemctl stop YOUR_APP

Then, after the update is completed, restart the application:

sudo systemctl start YOUR_APP

You have succeeded Deploy your Node.js application in a real production environment. This is a great starting point to make your application accessible to your developers and customers.

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