How to use Nginx reverse proxy and load balancing to build a multi-person test environment

Implementation principle

When we visit a website, there will be a user-agent header in the request header, such as mozilla/5.0 (macintosh; intel mac os x 10.12; rv: 50.0) gecko/20100101 firefox/50.0, this ua can be customized, and many browser plug-ins also support adding custom ua, such as Firefox's user agent swicher plug-in.

As shown in the picture, a custom ua is added here, and the content is changed to your own name. Through this ua request website, we can see the ua in the request header. It becomes your own, this is a logo.

According to this ua, it is judged by nginx. Different ua is forwarded to different ports, and each port corresponds to a website directory.

nginx determines ua

You can get the ua of each request through nginx, that is, the $http_user_agent variable.

For example, in the location field, you can judge ua and set a flag like this:

if ( $http_user_agent ~ "dashen" ) {
 set $flag "01";
}

For example, if you judge that the content of ua is dashen and set $flag to 01, you can set many such flags.

nginx reverse proxy and load balancing

By judging different ua, we can forward to different machines and ports through reverse proxy, here is the same test machine You can forward to different ports of the local machine, listen to different ports and set up different website directories.

The details are as follows:

server
{
 listen 192.168.1.251:80;
 server_name *.example.com;
 index index.html index.htm index.php;
 charset utf-8;
 location / {
 set $flag "00";
 if ( $http_user_agent ~ "dashen" ) {
   set $flag "01";
  }
 if ( $http_user_agent ~ "mianwo" ) {
   set $flag "02";
  }
 if ( $http_user_agent ~ "bingkuai" ) {
   set $flag "03";
  }
 if ( $http_user_agent ~ "hadoop" ) {
   set $flag "04";
  }
  proxy_set_header host $host;
  proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  if ( $flag = "00" ){
   add_header z-server mobile;
   proxy_pass http://webserver_mobile;
  }
  if ( $flag = "01" ){
   add_header z-server dashen;
   proxy_pass http://webserver_dashen;
  }
  if ( $flag = "02" ){
   add_header z-server mianwo;
   proxy_pass http://webserver_mianwo;
  }
  if ( $flag = "03" ){
   add_header z-server bingkuai;
   proxy_pass http://webserver_bingkuai;
  }
  if ( $flag = "04" ){
   add_header z-server hadoop;
   proxy_pass http://webserver_hadoop;
  }
 }
}

This configuration will reverse proxy different ua requests to different load balancing servers. See the specific load balancing configuration below.

nginx load balancing configuration

Several load balancing configurations are defined here. Each load balancing configuration is actually only configured with one machine, that is, the different configurations of the local machine. port.

upstream webserver_mobile{
 server 127.0.0.1:8900 max_fails=2 weight=2 fail_timeout=10s;
}
upstream webserver_dashen{
 server 127.0.0.1:8901 max_fails=2 weight=2 fail_timeout=10s;
}
upstream webserver_mianwo{
 server 127.0.0.1:8902 max_fails=2 weight=2 fail_timeout=10s;
}
upstream webserver_bingkuai{
 server 127.0.0.1:8903 max_fails=2 weight=2 fail_timeout=10s;
}
upstream webserver_hadoop{
 server 127.0.0.1:8904 max_fails=2 weight=2 fail_timeout=10s;
}

So, it’s not over yet. What you need to do next is to configure multiple nginx virtual hosts like a normal website. The difference is that you need to listen to several different ports here, so you need a few Virtual host configuration, only the directory of the website is different. For example, if ua is dashen, the corresponding website directory is /vhosts/example.com/dashen. If ua is mianwo, the corresponding website directory is /vhosts/example.com/mianwo.

In this way, different testers can pull branches in the website directory corresponding to their own ua, and configure their own ua through the browser plug-in, thus enabling multiple people to pull different branches on one machine at the same time, and When accessing the same domain name, the website root directories are separated according to different ua, and do not affect each other.

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