Does nodejs project need to be packaged?

Preface

With the widespread application of Node.js in the field of web development, many developers have begun to pay attention to the packaging and deployment of Node.js applications. This article will explain in detail the Node.js project structure, the necessity of packaging, packaging methods and steps, etc.

1. Node.js project structure

A standard Node.js project generally consists of the following parts:

1. package.json

package.json is one of the most important files in the Node.js project. It is used to define the current project's dependent packages, script commands, authors and other information.

2. app.js

app.js is the main file of the Node.js application. It is mainly used to start the application, listen to the port, handle requests and other operations.

3. public

The public folder is used to store static resources, such as CSS, JavaScript, images, etc.

4. routes

The routes folder is used to store routing files. Each routing file has its own routing rules and processing logic.

5. views

The views folder is used to store the HTML template files of the application.

6. models

The models folder is used to store the application’s data model files.

7. controllers

The controllers folder is used to store the business logic files of the application.

8. middlewares

middlewares folder is used to store the middleware files of the application.

The above is a standard Node.js project structure. Different project structures may be slightly different.

2. Does Node.js project need to be packaged?

When developing Node.js applications, modular development is generally adopted, that is, the application is divided into individual modules for separate development. The advantage of this is that it can improve the maintainability and scalability of the application. However, when developing, we need to install a lot of dependency packages, which are often transmitted over the network.

When we deploy, if we need to reinstall all dependent packages every time, it will definitely waste a lot of time. Moreover, the installation may fail due to network problems, causing us a lot of trouble. Therefore, when deploying Node.js applications, we usually package the application and package all dependency packages and the application itself into a compressed package for deployment.

3. Packaging methods and steps for Node.js projects

1. Packaging methods

Currently, there are two commonly used packaging tools for Node.js projects :NPM and Yarn.

NPM is a package management tool for Node.js. It can help us quickly install, update and delete various dependency packages of Node.js. NPM provides two packaging commands, npm pack and npm shrinkwrap, which can package projects and dependency packages into a compressed package. NPM's packaging method is relatively simple and suitable for small projects.

Yarn can be seen as a replacement for NPM. Yarn's packaging method is more efficient and can cache downloaded dependency packages, reducing repeated downloads during the installation process of dependency packages. When installing project dependencies, Yarn will save the version information of all dependent packages in the yarn.lock file to ensure that dependencies between different versions will not conflict.

2. Packaging steps

The following are the general steps for Node.js project packaging:

Step 1: Install dependency packages

In Before packaging, we need to ensure that the project's dependency packages have been installed. Can be installed using NPM or Yarn.

Step 2: Write the packaging script

In the package.json file, we can define a build command for packaging operations. This script can call the packaging command of NPM or Yarn to package the project and dependent packages into a compressed package.

Step 3: Perform packaging operation

We can perform packaging operation by running npm run build or yarn build command. After packaging is completed, a compressed package file can be generated in the project root directory.

Step 4: Deploy and publish

Upload the packaged compressed package file to the server, and decompress it to the specified directory of the server. Then, we can use Node.js's own pm2 or forever to launch and manage the application.

Summary

This article explains in detail the Node.js project structure, the necessity of packaging, packaging methods and steps, etc. To sum up, when developing Node.js applications, we must be aware of the necessity of packaging. Through packaging operations, all dependent packages and the application itself can be packaged into a compressed package for deployment to improve the maintainability and maintainability of the application. Scalability. At the same time, we also need to understand the tools and steps related to packaging to facilitate the deployment and release of applications.

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