How to connect vue to typescript

Vue.js is a popular front-end framework that can help us build complex single-page applications. However, due to the weak typing characteristics of JavaScript, potential type errors will inevitably occur when we use Vue.js. To solve this problem, we can use TypeScript to increase the readability and maintainability of the code. This article will introduce how to integrate TypeScript in a Vue.js project.

1. Install Vue.js and TypeScript

Before you begin, you need to install Vue.js and TypeScript. You can use npm or yarn to complete the installation. Please execute the following command:

# 安装 Vue.js
npm install vue

# 安装 TypeScript
npm install -g typescript

# 安装 TypeScript Definitions for Vue.js
npm install --save-dev @types/vue

2. Initialize TypeScript project

We will use vue-cli to initialize a Vue.js project. This command can help us quickly create a basic Vue.js application. Please execute the following command:

# 安装 vue-cli
npm install -g vue-cli

# 创建一个带有 TypeScript 的 Vue.js 项目
vue init webpack my-project --typescript

This command will create a Vue.js project with TypeScript configuration. We can use my-project instead of your project name. In the project folder, you will see some new files and folders, such as tsconfig.json and src/main.ts.

3. Configure TypeScript

In the TypeScript project, we need to add some settings, as follows:

3.1 Configure tsconfig.json

tsconfig.json is the main configuration file of TypeScript. In your Vue.js project, you need to add some settings so that TypeScript can handle .vue files. Please add the following code to the tsconfig.json file:

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "target": "es5",
    "lib": ["esnext", "dom"],
    "experimentalDecorators": true,
    "module": "esnext",
    "moduleResolution": "node",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "noImplicitAny": true,
    "noImplicitThis": true,
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true,
    "strict": true
  },
  "include": ["src/**/*.ts", "src/**/*.tsx", "src/**/*.vue"],
  "exclude": ["node_modules"]
}

3.2 Configure webpack.config.js

in webpack.config.js file, we need to add some settings. Please add the following code below the resolve object:

{
  resolve: {
    extensions: [".ts", ".js", ".vue", ".json"],
    alias: {
      vue$: "vue/dist/vue.esm.js"
    }
  }
}

This setting will tell Webpack how to resolve different file extensions. We also need to point the alias of vue to the correct file to avoid errors due to file parsing.

4. Build Vue.js Single File Component (SFC)

In Vue.js, we use .vue files to write single-page components. Since TypeScript does not support .vue files, we need to replace them with .tsx files.

Create a new .tsx file in the src/components folder, for example HelloWorld.tsx. Please note that if you want to use Vue.js specific functionality in these components (e.g. this.$router, this.$store, this.$refs , this.$emit, etc.), you need to add the correct type definitions for these components.

We can use the @Component decorator to define components. For example:

import Vue from 'vue';
import Component from 'vue-class-component';

@Component({
  props: {
    msg: String
  }
})
export default class HelloWorld extends Vue {
  // ...
}

5. Introduce components

In the src/App.vue file, we can introduce components and <template># Replace the ## part with the following code:

<template>
  <div id="app">
    <img src="./assets/logo.png">
    <HelloWorld msg="Welcome to Your Vue.js App with TypeScript"/>
  </div>
</template>

Then, we need to introduce the

App.vue component in src/main.ts:

import Vue from 'vue';
import App from './App.vue';

new Vue({
  el: '#app',
  render: h => h(App)
});

6. Run the application

Now that we have completed the configuration of Vue.js and TypeScript, you can start the application using the following command:

npm run serve

This will start a development server so that You view your application in a browser. You can now write enhanced Vue.js components using TypeScript.

Conclusion

In this article, we introduced how to connect TypeScript and build single-page components in Vue.js projects. Vue.js combined with TypeScript can help us develop maintainable web applications more efficiently. Hope this article helps you!

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