git solution to merge branches

Git is currently one of the most popular version control tools. It manages different code development through branches, and branch merge (merge) is one of the common operations in Git. This article will introduce Git's branch merging method and common techniques for resolving merge conflicts.

1. The basic concept of branch merging

1. Branch

Branch is an important concept in Git, which allows us to merge the same code Multiple versions are developed simultaneously in the library. When we need to add new features, fix bugs, or develop different feature branches, we can create new branches without affecting the code of the main branch.

2. Merge

Branch merge is the process of integrating the code of two or more branches together. During the development process, we often need to merge a certain branch (such as the test branch) into another branch (such as the main branch) to ensure the correctness and rationality of the code.

2. The basic process of branch merging

The basic process of branch merging is as follows:

1. Switch to the target branch: Use the git checkout command to switch to the branch you want to merge the changes to. to the branch.

git checkout branch_name

2. Merge branches: Use the git merge command to merge the source branch into the target branch.

git merge source_branch_name

3. Resolve conflicts: If there is a conflict between the source branch and the target branch, it needs to be resolved manually.
4. Submit code: After resolving the conflict, use the git commit command to submit the modified code to the target branch.

git commit –m “Merge source_branch_name into branch_name”

3. Common conflicts in branch merging

In the process of branch merging, conflicts often occur. Conflicts are usually caused by the following situations.

1. The same line of code was modified

When both the source branch and the target branch make modifications to the same line of code, Git cannot automatically resolve the conflict. At this time, you need to manually merge the code and resolve the conflict.

2. The same file was deleted

When both the source branch and the target branch delete the same file, Git cannot automatically resolve the conflict. At this time, you need to manually merge the code and resolve the conflict.

3. About code format changes

Introducing other people's code may cause formatting confusion, but some editors provide several stereotype options for repairing the code.

4. Code block is modified

If two branches modify the same code block, Git may merge the two versions of the code together, but the result is usually May not work. The conflict needs to be merged and resolved manually.

4. Change the file name

Changing the same file name in the source branch and target branch will cause merge conflicts. Git cannot determine the order between two operations and needs to manually resolve conflicts.

4. Methods to resolve branch merge conflicts

When branch merge conflicts occur, we need to merge manually to ensure the correctness and rationality of the code. The method to resolve branch merge conflicts is as follows:

1. View conflicts

Use the git status command to view the current conflict information.

git status

2. Manually edit conflicts

Use a text editor to open the conflicting file, and manually merge the code of the source branch and the target branch together to resolve the conflict.

3. Resubmit the code

After resolving the conflict, use the git add command to add the modified code to the staging area, and then use the git commit command to submit the code to in the target branch.

git add file_name
git commit –m “Merge source_branch_name into branch_name”

5. Summary

Branch merging is one of the common operations in Git. In actual development, we often need to use branch merge operations to manage the code base and ensure the correctness and rationality of the code. When merge conflicts occur, we need to resolve them manually, which requires certain experience and skills. Through this article, we can learn about the basic process of branch merging and common conflicts and solutions. We hope to help readers better understand and apply Git.

The above is the detailed content of git solution to merge branches. For more information, please follow other related articles on the PHP Chinese website!