How to configure thinkphp front-end and back-end separation

With the popularity of front-end and back-end separation technology, more and more developers are beginning to try to convert their projects from the traditional MVC architecture to a front-end and back-end separation architecture. As an open source PHP framework, thinkphp also actively responds to this technology trend. This article will introduce how to configure thinkphp's front-end and back-end separation mode to help developers apply this technology in projects.

1. Environment configuration

Before using thinkphp to achieve front-end and back-end separation, you need to configure the environment first. First, in the project root directory, use composer to install the thinkphp framework and enter the following command:

composer create-project topthink/think

Then, configure the virtual host in Apache or Nginx and add the project The root directory is set to the website root directory. At the same time, you also need to enable the rewrite module in the PHP configuration file so that thinkphp can use the routing function normally.

2. Configuring routing

In thinkphp, routing configuration is one of the key steps and an important part of the separation of front-end and back-end. In the project directory, find the route.php file in the config directory and open it. Then, according to the requirements for front-end and back-end separation, perform the following configuration:

(1) Change the default routing configuration to:

'/' => 'index/index/index'

This change can make the page accessed by default become a front-end page instead of a back-end page.

(2) Add the routing rules of the front-end page in the routing configuration, for example:

'@^/:path$' => 'index/index/index'

Among them, :path represents the path of the front-end page. Through this rule, the jump of front-end routing can be achieved.

(3) Add the routing rules of the interface in the routing configuration, for example:

'@^api/:controller/:action$' => 'api/:controller/:action '

Among them, :controller represents the controller name, and :action represents the method name. Through this rule, the interaction of front-end and back-end data can be achieved.

3. Configuring the controller

In thinkphp, the controller is the bridge that separates the front-end and back-end. It is responsible for processing front-end requests, calling the back-end API, and returning data. In the config directory, create an api.php file and add the following configuration:

return [

 'default_return_type' => 'json'

];

This configuration The default return type of the API interface can be made in JSON format.

Then, create an api directory in the project directory, and create a v1 directory under the api directory as the API version number. In the v1 directory, create the corresponding controller file, for example:

namespace app pi 1controller;
use thinkController;

class UserController extends Controller{

 public function index(){
      $data = ['name' => 'Tom', 'age' => '18'];
      return json($data);
 }

}

In this controller, static data is used to simulate the back-end data and returned to the front-end in JSON format. Developers can write different controllers based on actual needs to implement different data interaction methods.

4. Configuring the front-end page

In the front-end page, the following configuration is required:

(1) In the development environment, use packaging tools such as webpack Generate static files from the front-end project and place them in the public directory of the thinkphp project.

(2) When the front-end route jumps, you need to use ajax and other technologies to pass the front-end route to the back-end interface.

(3) When interacting with the back-end interface, you need to follow the RESTful API specification and use verbs such as GET, POST, and PUT to operate resources.

5. Test interface

After all configurations are completed, interface testing can be performed. Developers can use tools such as postman to simulate the front-end sending requests and view the returned results. If the expected JSON data is returned, it means that the front-end and back-end separation technology has been successfully applied.

Summary

thinkphp is a powerful PHP framework that supports front-end and back-end separation technology. Through the configuration method introduced in this article, developers can convert their projects into a front-end and back-end separated architecture, improving the maintainability, scalability, and reusability of the project. At the same time, it can also respond to market competition and technological changes more flexibly, improve the competitiveness of projects and reduce development costs.

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