golang online deployment

1. Foreword

With the advancement of technology and the popularization of the Internet, more and more applications and services need to be deployed online. In this process, choosing a suitable programming language is also a necessary part. Golang, as an open source programming language, is highly praised for its speed, efficiency and stability. This article will introduce in detail the steps for Golang online deployment and solutions to common problems.

2. Golang project compilation and packaging

Before deploying the Golang project, compile and package it into a binary executable file. Two different compilation methods are introduced below.

1. Use the go build command

Use the go build command built into the Go language to complete compilation and packaging. The command format is as follows, where main.go is the entry file name.

go build -o output main.go

After running the command, an executable file named output will be generated in the current directory.

2. Compiling with Docker containers

Docker is a widely used containerization tool. Using Docker containers to compile and package Golang projects allows us to deploy and upgrade applications more conveniently.

Execute the following command to pull the Golang image and enter the container:

docker pull golang:latest
docker run -itd --name go golang:latest
docker exec -it go bash

Enter the project folder in the container and use the go build command to compile and package the project.

go build -o output main.go

After execution, you can use the scp command in the container to copy the generated binary file to the local.

scp root@ip:/path/to/yourfile .

3. Golang project deployment

After completing the compilation and packaging of the Golang project, it can be deployed to the production environment. Two common Golang project deployment methods are introduced below.

1. Command line deployment

To use the command line to directly deploy the Golang project, you need to run the following command and fill in the port number and executable file path after port and output respectively.

nohup ./output -port=8080 > app.log 2>&1 &

This command will run the Golang application in the background and output the log to the app.log file.

2. Use systemd service deployment

Systemd is a system and service manager widely used in Linux systems. Using systemd to deploy Golang projects allows us to deploy applications faster and more stably.

You can create a service file named app.service, which contains information such as the execution path, log path, startup type, and required environment variables of the Golang application. The sample file is as follows:

[Unit]
Description=Golang Application Service
After=network.target
Requires=network.target
 
[Service]
ExecStart=/path/to/output -port=8080
WorkingDirectory=/path/to/
Restart=always
RestartSec=3
StartLimitBurst=10
StartLimitInterval=60s
 
StandardOutput=file:/var/log/app.log
StandardError=file:/var/log/app.log
 
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Before enabling the systemctl service, you need to place the file in the /etc/systemd/system/ directory and enable the service through the following command.

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable app.service
systemctl start app.service

After executing the above command, the Golang application can be successfully deployed to the production environment.

4. Solutions to common problems

1. Port conflict

When running the Golang project, if you select an occupied port number, it will Causes the program to fail to start. The solution is to specify an unoccupied port number in the run command. You can check the port occupancy with the following command.

lsof -i:端口号

2. Unable to access the MySQL database

If the MySQL database is used in the Golang project, but "no such host" and other related information are prompted when the program starts, it may be The MySQL database is not configured correctly. It is necessary to check whether the MySQL database has been installed correctly and whether it can be connected.

3. The system memory usage is too high

When deploying the Golang project, if the memory usage is too high, there may be a problem with the Golang application itself. At this time, you need to check the code logic, optimize the program, and reduce memory usage.

This article introduces the compilation, packaging and deployment methods of Golang projects, as well as solutions to common problems. I hope it can bring some help to Golang developers in the process of project deployment.

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