How to solve the two abnormal situations of Redis command timed out
Redis command timed out
SpringBoot项目引入Redis后发现偶尔会出现连接会超时Redis command timed out,看了博客上写的很多文章,都说可以通过设置超时时间解决问题,尝试的一下还是会出现这个问题,其实不管你设置多久都还是会超时。
原因是springboot2.x之后,springboot默认使用的Redis的客户端是lettuce,而不是jedis,lettuce连接池。
org.springframework.dao.QueryTimeoutException: Redis command timed out; nested exception is io.lettuce.core.RedisCommandTimeoutException: Command timed out after 5 second(s) at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceExceptionConverter.convert(LettuceExceptionConverter.java:70) at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceExceptionConverter.convert(LettuceExceptionConverter.java:41) at org.springframework.data.redis.PassThroughExceptionTranslationStrategy.translate(PassThroughExceptionTranslationStrategy.java:44) at org.springframework.data.redis.FallbackExceptionTranslationStrategy.translate(FallbackExceptionTranslationStrategy.java:42) at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceConnection.convertLettuceAccessException(LettuceConnection.java:273) at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceStringCommands.convertLettuceAccessException(LettuceStringCommands.java:799) at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.lettuce.LettuceStringCommands.get(LettuceStringCommands.java:68) at org.springframework.data.redis.connection.DefaultedRedisConnection.get(DefaultedRedisConnection.java:266) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.DefaultValueOperations$1.inRedis(DefaultValueOperations.java:57) at org.springframework.data.redis.core.AbstractOperations$ValueDeserializingRedisCallback.doInRedis(AbstractOperations.java:60)
解决:
引入spring-boot-starter-data-redis包,这个包会默认使用 lettuce ,这个问题就lettuce引起的,我们只需要把io.lettuce包移除,换成jedis就可以了
<!-- redis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> <exclusions> <!-- 过滤lettuce,使用jedis作为redis客户端 --> <exclusion> <groupId>io.lettuce</groupId> <artifactId>lettuce-core</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> </dependency>
二、keys命令会遍历redis集合,是一个非常耗时的操作,线上应该禁止使用此操作,通过业务排查发现有一个业务还使用了keys 命令来过滤数据,线上代码中使用了keys 命令来过滤key keys命令类似与数据库的全表扫描,会遍历redis中的所有数据,而redis的work线程又是单线程的,这个命令执行时间过长会阻塞其他正常命令的执行,导致其他命令执行超时,出现前面问题中的timed out 异常。
解决:
了解到keys 命令的影响,禁止使用keys 命令,特别是线上环境,禁止使用redis desktop manager 这样的redis 界面工具连接线上环境(因为这类工具会通过keys * 来加载全量数据到本地),排查代码中使用keys 命令的情况,必须在redis 服务器上禁止keys 这样不安全的命令的使用,还有flushdb flushall等操作。
三、spring-boot-starter-data-redis有两种实现方式:lettuce 和 jedis 区别
1.Jedis:
Jedis是同步的,不支持异步,Jedis客户端实例不是线程安全的,需要每个线程一个Jedis实例,所以一般通过连接池来使用Jedis。
优点:
提供了比较全面的 Redis 操作特性的 API
API 基本与 Redis 的指令一一对应,使用简单易理解
缺点:
同步阻塞 IO
不支持异步
线程不安全
springboot链接Redis客户端Jedis的pom.xml配置
<!-- redis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> <exclusions> <!-- 过滤lettuce,使用jedis作为redis客户端 --> <exclusion> <groupId>io.lettuce</groupId> <artifactId>lettuce-core</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> <!-- jedis--> <dependency> <groupId>redis.clients</groupId> <artifactId>jedis</artifactId> </dependency>
jedis的yml文件配置如下:
#Redis哨兵模式 spring: redis: database: 1 password: 123456 jedis: pool: max-active: 8 min-idle: 0 max-idle: 8 sentinel: master: mymaster nodes: 192.168.111.10:26379,192.168.111.11:26379,192.168.111.12:26379
2.Lettuce:
Lettuce是基于Netty框架的事件驱动的Redis客户端,其方法调用是异步的,Lettuce的API也是线程安全的,所以多个线程可以操作单个Lettuce连接来完成各种操作,同时Lettuce也支持连接池.
优点:
线程安全
基于 Netty 框架的事件驱动的通信,可异步调用
适用于分布式缓存
缺点:
API 更抽象,学习使用成本高
springboot链接Redis客户端Jedis的pom.xml配置
<!-- redis --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- spring2.X集成redis需要common-pool2依赖,如果使用Lettuce作为连接池, 需要引入commons-pool2依赖,否则会报错bean注入失败 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId> <artifactId>commons-pool2</artifactId> </dependency>
jedis的yml文件配置如下:
#Redis哨兵模式 spring: redis: database: 1 lettuce: pool: max-active: 20 max-idle: 10 max-wait: 10000 min-idle: 0 shutdown-timeout: 100 password: 123456 sentinel: master: mymaster nodes: 192.168.111.10:26379,192.168.111.11:26379,192.168.111.12:26379 timeout: 3000
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