php reads text garbled

Reading text files is a very common operation when writing code in PHP. However, sometimes we find that the text content we read is garbled, which brings great trouble to our development work. This article will introduce the reasons why PHP reads garbled text and how to solve it.

1. Reasons for garbled characters

1. Inconsistent file encoding formats

When creating text files under the Windows operating system, GBK encoding is used by default. When creating text files under the Linux operating system, UTF-8 encoding is used by default. When we create a text file in GBK encoding format under the Windows operating system and then read it under the Linux operating system, garbled characters are prone to occur.

2. The wrong encoding format is used when reading the file

When we use PHP's file_get_contents() function or fopen() function to read a text file, we need to use the correct encoding format . If the encoding format we use does not match the encoding format of the text file, garbled characters will appear.

3. The text file itself is garbled

If the text file itself is garbled, garbled characters will also appear when reading the file. In this case, we need to check the source of the text file, find the cause and solve it.

2. Methods to solve the garbled code problem

1. Specify the encoding format

When we read the text file, we can solve the garbled code problem by specifying the encoding format. If we know the encoding format of the text file, we can pass it as the second parameter to the file_get_contents() function or the fopen() function. For example, if we know that the encoding format of the text file is UTF-8, we can use it like this:

$file = file_get_contents('file.txt', 'UTF-8');

or ：

$file = fopen('file.txt', 'r', false, 'UTF-8');

2. Use the iconv() function to convert the encoding format

If we cannot determine the encoding format of the text file, we can use the iconv() function to convert the text file to UTF-8 encoding and then read it. For example:

$file = file_get_contents('file.txt');
$file = iconv('GBK', 'UTF-8', $file);

Or:

$file = fopen('file.txt', 'r');
$file = stream_get_contents($file);
$file = iconv('GBK', 'UTF-8 ', $file);

3. Set the PHP default encoding format

If our application uses a large number of operations to read text files, we can consider setting the default in the PHP configuration file The encoding format is UTF-8. In the php.ini file, find the default_charset option and set it to UTF-8:

default_charset = "UTF-8"

4. Use Notepad to convert the file encoding format

Under Windows operating system, we can use Notepad to convert the encoding format of text files. First, open the text file that needs to be converted in Notepad, then select "Convert to UTF-8 Encoding" in the "Encoding" menu, and save the file.

Note: The above method is to solve the problem when the text file itself does not have garbled characters.

3. Conclusion

The problem of garbled text being read by PHP has troubled many developers. There are many reasons for garbled characters, and there are many ways to solve the problem of garbled characters. We need to choose and use them according to the actual situation. I hope this article can help developers who encounter the problem of garbled text reading in PHP and enable them to avoid this problem during the development process.

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